Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
West China Medical Center of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China.
Biomed Res Int. 2022 Jul 6;2022:1229009. doi: 10.1155/2022/1229009. eCollection 2022.
This retrospective study investigated superficial retinal vessel density (SRVLD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in children with myopic anisometropia. We included 84 eyes of 42 individuals with myopic anisometropia and no posterior segment abnormalities. All eyes underwent OCTA. Individual SRVLD and FAZ area were measured on OCTA. Using a paired -test, we compared the interocular difference between the fellow eyes for all the measurements. SRVLD was significantly higher in the relatively more myopic eyes than in the fellow eyes in the whole population and in patients with an interocular difference of >1.5 D ( = 003 and 0.01, respectively). In patients with an interocular difference of ≤1.5 D in spherical equivalent refraction, only the nasal sector showed higher SRVLD in the less myopic eyes. SRVLD in the whole image and parafoveal sector was significantly lower in the dominant eye (paired -test, = 003 and 0.03, respectively), while other locations showed no difference. The area, perimeter, and circularity index in FAZ parameters showed no difference. SRVLD showed no significant differences between the two types of eyes, with an interocular difference of ≤1.5 D but increased in the relatively more myopic eyes than in the fellow eyes in children with myopic anisometropia, with an interocular difference of >1.5 D. Increasing SRVLD may show a compensatory increase to maintain retinal function and thus maintain normal visual function in the relatively more myopic fellow eyes. As the study to use patients as self-control with OCTA analysis in both eyes, this study provides some reference value for further interpretation of the pathogenesis of anisometropia.
本回顾性研究采用光学相干断层扫描血管造影（OCTA）观察近视性屈光参差儿童的浅层视网膜血管密度（SRVLD）和中心凹无血管区（FAZ）面积。纳入 42 例近视性屈光参差且无后部段异常的 84 只眼。所有眼均行 OCTA 检查。OCTA 上测量个体 SRVLD 和 FAZ 面积。采用配对 t 检验比较所有测量值的双眼间差异。在全人群和等效球镜度差值>1.5D（分别为 0.03 和 0.01）的患者中，相对近视眼中的 SRVLD 明显高于对侧眼。等效球镜度差值≤1.5D 的患者中，仅在鼻侧象限，非优势眼的 SRVLD 较高。在优势眼中，整个图像和旁中心区的 SRVLD 明显较低（配对 t 检验，分别为 0.03 和 0.03），而其他部位无差异。FAZ 参数的面积、周长和环形度指数无差异。在等效球镜度差值≤1.5D 的两种眼之间，SRVLD 无明显差异，但在等效球镜度差值>1.5D 的患者中，相对近视眼中的 SRVLD 高于对侧眼。在近视性屈光参差儿童中，相对近视眼的 SRVLD 增加，可能是为了代偿性增加以维持视网膜功能，从而维持相对近视对侧眼的正常视力。由于本研究采用患者自身双眼 OCTA 分析作为对照，为进一步解释屈光参差的发病机制提供了一定的参考价值。
