Department of Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
Bristol Poverty Institute, Townsend Centre for International Poverty Research, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Epidemiol Infect. 2021 Jul 23;149:e183. doi: 10.1017/S0950268821001734.
The feasibility of non-pharmacological public health interventions (NPIs) such as physical distancing or isolation at home to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission in low-resource countries is unknown. Household survey data from 54 African countries were used to investigate the feasibility of SARS-CoV-2 NPIs in low-resource settings. Across the 54 countries, approximately 718 million people lived in households with ⩾6 individuals at home (median percentage of at-risk households 56% (95% confidence interval (CI), 51% to 60%)). Approximately 283 million people lived in households where ⩾3 people slept in a single room (median percentage of at-risk households 15% (95% CI, 13% to 19%)). An estimated 890 million Africans lack on-site water (71% (95% CI, 62% to 80%)), while 700 million people lacked in-home soap/washing facilities (56% (95% CI, 42% to 73%)). The median percentage of people without a refrigerator in the home was 79% (95% CI, 67% to 88%), while 45% (95% CI, 39% to 52%) shared toilet facilities with other households. Individuals in low-resource settings have substantial obstacles to implementing NPIs for mitigating SARS-CoV-2 transmission. These populations urgently need to be prioritised for coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination to prevent disease and to contain the global pandemic.
在资源匮乏的国家,非药物性公共卫生干预措施(NPIs),如物理隔离或居家隔离,预防严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)传播的可行性尚不清楚。本研究利用来自 54 个非洲国家的家庭调查数据,调查了 SARS-CoV-2 在资源匮乏环境中的 NPI 可行性。在这 54 个国家中,约有 7.18 亿人居住在家庭中,家中有 ⩾6 人(中位数风险家庭比例为 56%(95%置信区间[CI]:51%至 60%))。约有 2.83 亿人居住在 ⩾3 人睡在一个房间的家庭中(中位数风险家庭比例为 15%(95% CI:13%至 19%))。估计有 8.9 亿非洲人缺乏现场供水(71%(95% CI:62%至 80%)),而 7 亿人缺乏家用肥皂/洗涤设施(56%(95% CI:42%至 73%))。家中没有冰箱的中位数比例为 79%(95% CI:67%至 88%),而 45%(95% CI:39%至 52%)与其他家庭共用厕所设施。资源匮乏环境中的个人在实施 NPI 以减轻 SARS-CoV-2 传播方面存在重大障碍。这些人群迫切需要优先接种 2019 年冠状病毒病疫苗,以预防疾病和控制全球大流行。