Department of Social, Political and Cognitive Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
PLoS One. 2022 Jul 19;17(7):e0268838. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268838. eCollection 2022.
Research has usually considered cyberbullying as a unitary phenomenon. Thus, it has been neglected to explore whether the specific online aggressive behaviours relate differentially to demographic features of the perpetrators of online aggressive actions, their personality characteristics, or to the ways in which they interact with the Internet. To bridge this gap, a study was conducted through a questionnaire administered online to 1228 Italian high-school students (Female: 61.1%; 14-15 yo: 48.%; 16-17 yo: 29.1%; 18-20 yo: 20.4%, 21-25 yo: 1.6%; Northern Italy: 4.1%; Central Italy: 59.2%; Southern Italy: 36.4%). The questionnaire, in addition to items about the use of social media, mechanisms of Moral Disengagement and personality characteristics of the participants in the study, also included a scale for the measurement of cyberbullying through the reference to six aggressive behaviours. The results indicate that cyberbullying can be considered as a non-unitary phenomenon in which the different aggressive behaviours can be related to different individual characteristics such as gender, personality traits and the different ways of interacting with social media. Moreover, the existence of two components of cyberbullying has been highlighted, one related to virtual offensive actions directly aimed at a victim, the other to indirect actions, more likely conducted involving bystanders. These findings open important perspectives for understanding, preventing, and mitigating cyberbullying among adolescents.
研究通常将网络欺凌视为一种单一现象。因此，人们忽视了探索特定的网络攻击行为是否与网络攻击行为实施者的人口统计学特征、个性特征或他们与互联网互动的方式有关。为了弥补这一空白，通过在线问卷对 1228 名意大利高中生进行了一项研究（女生：61.1%；14-15 岁：48%；16-17 岁：29.1%；18-20 岁：20.4%，21-25 岁：1.6%；意大利北部：4.1%；意大利中部：59.2%；意大利南部：36.4%）。该问卷除了包含社交媒体使用、道德脱离机制和研究参与者个性特征的项目外，还包括一个通过参考六种攻击行为来衡量网络欺凌的量表。研究结果表明，网络欺凌可以被视为一种非单一现象，其中不同的攻击行为可能与不同的个体特征有关，如性别、个性特征和与社交媒体的不同互动方式。此外，还强调了网络欺凌存在两个组成部分，一个与直接针对受害者的虚拟攻击性行为有关，另一个与更可能涉及旁观者的间接行为有关。这些发现为理解、预防和减轻青少年网络欺凌现象提供了重要视角。
