College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Margaret Ritchie School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA.
Adv Nutr. 2022 Dec 22;13(6):2537-2558. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmac081.
Food insecurity is a significant public health problem for Indigenous peoples in Canada. A comprehensive literature review is needed to organize the evidence according to the 4 pillars of food security (i.e., availability, access, utilization, and stability) and identify gaps in the published literature on this topic. Therefore, in this scoping review we aimed to summarize the published research discussing any of the 4 pillars of food security among Indigenous peoples in Canada. We conducted a literature search of the following databases: Ovid Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science (Web of Knowledge), and CINAHL, as well as the Indigenous Studies Portal (up to June 19, 2021). Population-based studies of any design were included, except for review-style articles. Articles published in languages other than English were also excluded. Of the 4687 studies identified by the database searches, 91 met our inclusion criteria. Evidence from these studies indicates that all dimensions of food security among Indigenous peoples in Canada have been impacted. Lack of availability of both traditional and market foods is highlighted among Inuit and First Nation communities. Economic disadvantages, high food prices, and lack of access to transportation are major factors affecting the accessibility pillar of food security. Major factors affecting the utilization pillar of food security are the loss of traditional knowledge and skills, lack of knowledge on market foods, low quality of market foods, and food safety issues. Climate change has affected all 4 pillars of food security among Indigenous peoples. These findings suggest that resolving food insecurity issues among Indigenous peoples in Canada, especially those living in remote communities, requires a culturally specific integrated approach targeting food availability, food cost, food knowledge, food safety, and food quality.
食物不安全是加拿大原住民面临的一个重大公共卫生问题。需要进行全面的文献综述，根据食物安全的四个支柱（即供应、获取、利用和稳定性）对证据进行整理，并确定该主题已发表文献中的空白。因此，在本范围综述中，我们旨在总结已发表的研究，讨论加拿大原住民中任何一个食物安全支柱的研究。我们对以下数据库进行了文献检索：Ovid Medline、EMBASE、Web of Science（Web of Knowledge）和 CINAHL，以及原住民研究门户（截至 2021 年 6 月 19 日）。纳入了任何设计的基于人群的研究，但不包括综述类文章。也排除了发表语言非英语的文章。从数据库检索中确定了 4687 项研究，其中 91 项符合纳入标准。这些研究的证据表明，加拿大原住民的所有食物安全维度都受到了影响。因纽特人和第一民族社区都强调传统和市场食品供应的缺乏。经济劣势、高食品价格以及缺乏交通便利是影响食物安全获取支柱的主要因素。影响食物安全利用支柱的主要因素是传统知识和技能的丧失、对市场食品的了解不足、市场食品质量低以及食品安全问题。气候变化影响了原住民的所有四个食物安全支柱。这些发现表明，要解决加拿大原住民的食物不安全问题，特别是那些生活在偏远社区的原住民，需要采取一种针对食物供应、食品成本、食品知识、食品安全和食品质量的文化特定的综合方法。
