School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Center of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 Jul 8;13:928134. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.928134. eCollection 2022.
Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a common condition with high mortality. ALI/ARDS is caused by multiple etiologies, and the main clinical manifestations are progressive dyspnea and intractable hypoxemia. Currently, supportive therapy is the main ALI/ARDS treatment, and there remains a lack of targeted and effective therapeutic strategies. Macrophages are important components of innate immunity. M1 macrophages are pro-inflammatory, while M2 macrophages are anti-inflammatory and promote tissue repair. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are stem cells with broad application prospects in tissue regeneration due to their multi-directional differentiation potential along with their anti-inflammatory and paracrine properties. MSCs can regulate the balance of M1/M2 macrophage polarization to improve the prognosis of ALI/ARDS. In this paper, we review the mechanisms by which MSCs regulate macrophage polarization and the signaling pathways associated with polarization. This review is expected to provide new targets for the treatment of ALI/ARDS.
急性肺损伤/急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ALI/ARDS）是一种常见的高死亡率疾病。ALI/ARDS 由多种病因引起，主要临床表现为进行性呼吸困难和难以纠正的低氧血症。目前，支持治疗是 ALI/ARDS 的主要治疗方法，缺乏针对病因的有效治疗策略。巨噬细胞是固有免疫的重要组成部分。M1 巨噬细胞具有促炎作用，而 M2 巨噬细胞具有抗炎和促进组织修复作用。间充质干细胞（MSCs）是一种具有广泛应用前景的干细胞，由于其具有多向分化潜能和抗炎及旁分泌特性，因此在组织再生中具有重要作用。MSCs 可以调节 M1/M2 巨噬细胞极化的平衡，改善 ALI/ARDS 的预后。本文综述了 MSCs 调节巨噬细胞极化的机制以及与极化相关的信号通路。本综述有望为 ALI/ARDS 的治疗提供新的靶点。
