Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy.
J Am Chem Soc. 2022 Aug 31;144(34):15413-15430. doi: 10.1021/jacs.2c05364. Epub 2022 Jul 26.
Since its inception, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has seen continuous evolution in terms of the design of the catalyst and reaction conditions; today, it is one of the most useful techniques to prepare well-defined polymers as well as one of the most notable examples of catalysis in polymer chemistry. This Perspective highlights fundamental advances in the design of ATRP reactions and catalysts, focusing on the crucial role that mechanistic studies play in understanding, rationalizing, and predicting polymerization outcomes. A critical summary of traditional ATRP systems is provided first; we then focus on the most recent developments to improve catalyst selectivity, control polymerizations via external stimuli, and employ new photochemical or dual catalytic systems with an outlook to future research directions and open challenges.
自成立以来，原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）在催化剂和反应条件的设计方面不断发展；如今，它是制备结构明确聚合物的最有用技术之一，也是聚合物化学中催化作用的最显著例子之一。本观点重点介绍了 ATRP 反应和催化剂设计方面的基础进展，重点强调了机械研究在理解、合理化和预测聚合结果方面的关键作用。首先提供了对传统 ATRP 系统的批判性总结；然后我们专注于最新的发展，以提高催化剂选择性、通过外部刺激控制聚合反应，并采用新的光化学或双催化系统，展望未来的研究方向和开放的挑战。
