Silva-Jose Cristina, Sánchez-Polán Miguel, Barakat Ruben, Díaz-Blanco Ángeles, Mottola Michelle F, Refoyo Ignacio
AFIPE Research Group, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa de Leganés, 28911 Leganés, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2022 Jul 13;11(14):4045. doi: 10.3390/jcm11144045.
The intrauterine environment is key to health from a short- and long-term perspective. Birth weight is an important indicator that may influence the fetal environment due to epigenetics. Considering physical inactivity, in parallel with higher levels of stress, affecting smoking patterns and the physical and emotional health of the pregnant population, maintaining the health of future generations is crucial. A randomized clinical trial (NCT04563065) was conducted. One-hundred and ninety-two healthy pregnant individuals were assigned to the intervention (IG) or control (CG) group. Overall, significant differences were found between groups when stratified by birth weight (χ (1) = 6.610; = 0.037) with low birth weight and macrosomia found more often in the CG (4% vs. 14% and 3% vs. 9%, respectively) and higher admissions to the neonatal intensive care unit (χ (1) = 5.075; = 0.024) in the CG (20/28.6%) compared to the IG (9/13.0). Smoking during pregnancy was also found more often in the CG (12/17.1%) compared to the IG (3/4.4%) ( = 0.016). A virtual program of supervised exercise throughout pregnancy during the ongoing pandemic could help to maintain adequate birth weights, modify maternal smoking habits, and lower admissions to the neonatal intensive care unit.
从短期和长期来看，子宫内环境对健康至关重要。出生体重是一个重要指标，由于表观遗传学，它可能会影响胎儿环境。考虑到缺乏身体活动，以及较高水平的压力会影响吸烟模式和孕妇的身心健康，维持后代的健康至关重要。开展了一项随机临床试验（NCT04563065）。192名健康孕妇被分配到干预组（IG）或对照组（CG）。总体而言，按出生体重分层时，两组之间存在显著差异（χ(1)=6.610；P=0.037），对照组中低出生体重和巨大儿的发生率更高（分别为4%对14%和3%对9%），与干预组（9/13.0%）相比，对照组新生儿重症监护病房的收治率更高（χ(1)=5.075；P=0.024）（20/28.6%）。与干预组（3/4.4%）相比，对照组孕期吸烟的发生率也更高（12/17.1%）（P=0.016）。在当前疫情期间，整个孕期进行虚拟监督运动计划有助于维持适当的出生体重、改变孕妇吸烟习惯并降低新生儿重症监护病房的收治率。
