González Raquel, Vallès Joan, Garnatje Teresa
Laboratori de Botànica, Unitat Associada al CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Institut de la Biodiversitat IRBio, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB), CSIC-Ajuntament de Barcelona, Passeig del Migdia s.n., Parc de Montjuïc, 08038 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jul 21;11(14):1892. doi: 10.3390/plants11141892.
Plant genome size has many applications in different biological fields including ecology and plant breeding. The 2C value for L. has not been widely studied; furthermore, to date, no data from local landraces in the Pityusic Islands (the two smaller inhabited Balearic Islands, Ibiza, and Formentera) have been reported. This research aims to contribute to this knowledge and investigate whether there are variations between different grape landraces cultivated in Ibiza and Formentera and also among the same landraces on each island. To this end, 36 accessions of 15 cultivars and 6 landraces, identified with SSR markers, were assessed using flow cytometry. The results revealed that 2C values ranged from 1.09 pg to 1.28 pg. There were statistically significant differences in 'AG1' and 'AG2' landraces and 'Santa Magdalena', 'Garnatxa', 'Danugue', and 'Valencí tinto/Grumier' cultivars. No statistically significant differences were found in terms of the genome size content between islands. Statistically significant differences were found in accessions within 'AG2' landrace group and 'Beba' cultivar. The results presented here constitute the first-ever reported information on genome size in the genus in Pityusic, Balearic, and, in general, Spanish accessions, and they are one of the largest prospections in this field for this species anywhere. Further research should be conducted to explain the differences in nuclear DNA content found between landraces and cultivars studied here with others cultivated in different islands or countries to understand whether genome size varies in modern cultivars compared with local landraces. Additionally, it would be interesting to investigate whether there is a relationship between genome size and adaptations to diverse climatology conditions, crop management, and ripening characteristics.
植物基因组大小在包括生态学和植物育种在内的不同生物学领域有许多应用。L.的2C值尚未得到广泛研究；此外，迄今为止，尚未有来自皮蒂乌萨群岛（巴利阿里群岛中两个较小的有人居住岛屿，伊维萨岛和福门特拉岛）当地地方品种的数据报道。本研究旨在为这一知识体系做出贡献，并调查在伊维萨岛和福门特拉岛种植的不同葡萄地方品种之间以及每个岛屿上同一地方品种之间是否存在差异。为此，使用流式细胞术对15个品种和6个地方品种的36份种质进行了评估，这些种质通过SSR标记进行了鉴定。结果显示，2C值在1.09皮克至1.28皮克之间。“AG1”和“AG2”地方品种以及“圣玛格达莱纳”“加纳查”“达努格”和“巴伦西红/格鲁米尔”品种存在统计学上的显著差异。在岛屿之间的基因组大小含量方面未发现统计学上的显著差异。在“AG2”地方品种组和“贝巴”品种的种质中发现了统计学上的显著差异。此处呈现的结果构成了关于皮蒂乌萨群岛、巴利阿里群岛以及一般而言西班牙种质中该属基因组大小的首份报道信息，并且是该物种在该领域全球范围内最大规模的勘查之一。应进一步开展研究，以解释此处研究的地方品种和栽培品种与在不同岛屿或国家种植的其他品种之间核DNA含量的差异，从而了解现代栽培品种与当地地方品种相比基因组大小是否有所不同。此外，研究基因组大小与对不同气候条件、作物管理和成熟特性的适应性之间是否存在关系将很有趣。
