Pellicer Jaume, Hidalgo Oriane, Dodsworth Steven, Leitch Ilia J
Department of Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew TW9 3DS, UK.
Genes (Basel). 2018 Feb 14;9(2):88. doi: 10.3390/genes9020088.
Genome size is a biodiversity trait that shows staggering diversity across eukaryotes, varying over 64,000-fold. Of all major taxonomic groups, land plants stand out due to their staggering genome size diversity, ranging ca. 2400-fold. As our understanding of the implications and significance of this remarkable genome size diversity in land plants grows, it is becoming increasingly evident that this trait plays not only an important role in shaping the evolution of plant genomes, but also in influencing plant community assemblages at the ecosystem level. Recent advances and improvements in novel sequencing technologies, as well as analytical tools, make it possible to gain critical insights into the genomic and epigenetic mechanisms underpinning genome size changes. In this review we provide an overview of our current understanding of genome size diversity across the different land plant groups, its implications on the biology of the genome and what future directions need to be addressed to fill key knowledge gaps.
基因组大小是一种生物多样性特征，在真核生物中呈现出惊人的多样性，变化幅度超过64000倍。在所有主要分类群中，陆地植物因其惊人的基因组大小多样性而脱颖而出，范围约为2400倍。随着我们对陆地植物这种显著的基因组大小多样性的影响和意义的理解不断加深，越来越明显的是，这一特征不仅在塑造植物基因组进化中发挥重要作用，而且在生态系统层面影响植物群落组合。新型测序技术以及分析工具的最新进展和改进，使得深入了解基因组大小变化背后的基因组和表观遗传机制成为可能。在这篇综述中，我们概述了目前对不同陆地植物类群基因组大小多样性的理解、其对基因组生物学的影响以及为填补关键知识空白需要解决的未来方向。
