Duarte Bernardo, Feijão Eduardo, Cruz de Carvalho Ricardo, Matos Ana Rita, Cabrita Maria Teresa, Novais Sara C, Moutinho Ariana, Lemos Marco F L, Marques João Carlos, Caçador Isabel, Reis-Santos Patrick, Fonseca Vanessa F
MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET-Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal.
Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Jul 25;11(8):1442. doi: 10.3390/antiox11081442.
The present-day COVID-19 pandemic has led to the increasing daily use of antimicrobials worldwide. Triclosan is a manmade disinfectant chemical used in several consumer healthcare products, and thus frequently detected in surface waters. In the present work, we aimed to evaluate the effect of triclosan on diatom cell photophysiology, fatty acid profiles, and oxidative stress biomarkers, using the diatom as a model organism. Several photochemical effects were observed, such as the lower ability of the photosystems to efficiently trap light energy. A severe depletion of fucoxanthin under triclosan application was also evident, pointing to potential use of carotenoid as reactive oxygen species scavengers. It was also observed an evident favouring of the peroxidase activity to detriment of the SOD activity, indicating that superoxide anion is not efficiently metabolized. High triclosan exposure induced high cellular energy allocation, directly linked with an increase in the energy assigned to vital functions, enabling cells to maintain the growth rates upon triclosan exposure. Oxidative stress traits were found to be the most efficient biomarkers as promising tools for triclosan ecotoxicological assessments. Overall, the increasing use of triclosan will lead to significant effects on the diatom photochemical and oxidative stress levels, compromising key roles of diatoms in the marine system.
当前的新冠疫情导致全球范围内抗菌药物的每日使用量不断增加。三氯生是一种用于多种消费保健产品的人造消毒化学品，因此经常在地表水中被检测到。在本研究中，我们旨在以硅藻为模式生物，评估三氯生对硅藻细胞光生理学、脂肪酸谱和氧化应激生物标志物的影响。观察到了几种光化学效应，例如光系统有效捕获光能的能力降低。在三氯生作用下，岩藻黄质也明显严重耗竭，这表明类胡萝卜素可能用作活性氧清除剂。还观察到过氧化物酶活性明显增强，而超氧化物歧化酶活性受到抑制，这表明超氧阴离子没有得到有效代谢。高剂量三氯生暴露导致细胞能量分配增加，这与分配给重要功能的能量增加直接相关，使细胞在三氯生暴露时能够维持生长速率。氧化应激特征被发现是作为三氯生生态毒理学评估的有前途工具的最有效生物标志物。总体而言，三氯生使用量的增加将对硅藻的光化学和氧化应激水平产生重大影响，损害硅藻在海洋系统中的关键作用。
