1 Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University (Formerly Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada.
2 Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Canada.
J Behav Addict. 2022 Jun 29;11(2):386-395. doi: 10.1556/2006.2022.00043. Print 2022 Jul 13.
Attentional bias to gambling-related stimuli is associated with increased severity of gambling disorder. However, the addiction-related moderators of attentional bias among those who gamble are largely unknown. Impulsivity is associated with attentional bias among those who abuse substances, and we hypothesized that impulsivity would moderate the relationship between disordered electronic gaming machine (EGM) gambling and attentional bias.
We tested whether facets of impulsivity, as measured by the UPPS-P (positive urgency, negative urgency, sensation seeking, lack of perseverance, lack of premeditation) and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (cognitive, motor, non-planning) moderated the relationship between increased severity of gambling disorder, as measured by the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), and attentional bias. Seventy-five EGM players participated in a free-viewing eye-tracking paradigm to measure attentional bias to EGM images.
Attentional bias was significantly correlated with Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) motor, positive urgency, and negative urgency. Only positive and negative urgency moderated the relationship between PGSI scores and attentional bias. For participants with high PGSI scores, higher positive and negative urgency were associated with larger attentional biases to EGM stimuli.
The results indicate that affective impulsivity is an important contributor to the association between gambling disorder and attentional bias.
对赌博相关刺激的注意力偏差与赌博障碍严重程度的增加有关。然而，在赌博者中，与成瘾相关的注意力偏差的调节因素在很大程度上尚不清楚。冲动性与滥用物质者的注意力偏差有关，我们假设冲动性会调节不规律电子游戏赌博与注意力偏差之间的关系。
我们测试了 UPPS-P（积极冲动、消极冲动、寻求刺激、缺乏毅力、缺乏预谋）和 Barratt 冲动量表-11（认知、运动、无计划）的冲动特质是否调节了赌博障碍严重程度的增加，由赌博问题严重程度指数（PGSI）衡量，以及注意力偏差。75 名电子游戏玩家参与了自由观看眼动追踪范式，以测量对电子游戏图像的注意力偏差。
注意力偏差与 Barratt 冲动量表-11（BIS-11）运动、积极冲动和消极冲动显著相关。只有积极和消极冲动调节了 PGSI 分数与注意力偏差之间的关系。对于 PGSI 得分较高的参与者，较高的积极和消极冲动与对电子游戏刺激的更大注意力偏差相关。
结果表明，情感冲动性是赌博障碍和注意力偏差之间关联的一个重要贡献因素。
