Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 26;19(15):9125. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159125.
(1) Background: Gender differences between men's and women's parenting roles are well-documented as the "second shift". We examined the main effects and interaction of work distress and parenting distress with energy (i.e., vigor) in a sample of 310 dual-income, different-sex couples with kids married for approximately nine years. (2) Methods: We used actor-partner interdependence modeling (APIM) to examine how spouses' distress was associated with their energy. (3) Results: For both wives and husbands, there were negative associations between the actor's parenting distress and their energy level and between the actor's work distress and their energy level. However, only wives experienced a significant interaction of work and parenting distress such that high levels of both forms of distress were associated with low levels of energy, indicating that only wives experience this form of work-family conflict. (4) Conclusions: When women experience more strain at home than men, they may need more time to recover from their work and family duties. If they cannot do so, they will have less energy to carry out their responsibilities and may be at a higher risk of future adverse health outcomes.
（1）背景：男性和女性在育儿角色上的性别差异已有充分记录，这被称为“第二波”。我们在一个有 310 对有孩子的双收入、不同性别、结婚约 9 年的夫妇样本中，研究了工作压力和育儿压力与能量（即活力）的主要影响和相互作用。
（2）方法：我们使用演员-伙伴相互依存模型（APIM）来检验配偶的压力如何与其能量相关。
（3）结果：对于妻子和丈夫来说，演员的育儿压力与他们的能量水平以及演员的工作压力与他们的能量水平之间都存在负相关。然而，只有妻子经历了工作和育儿压力的显著相互作用，即两种形式的压力都很高与低能量水平相关，这表明只有妻子经历这种形式的工作-家庭冲突。
（4）结论：当女性在家中承受的压力比男性大时，她们可能需要更多的时间从工作和家庭责任中恢复过来。如果她们不能这样做，她们将没有更多的精力来履行职责，并且可能面临未来不良健康结果的更高风险。
