Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jul 25;23(15):8196. doi: 10.3390/ijms23158196.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been a major public health challenge worldwide. Owing to the emergence of novel viral variants, the risks of reinfections and vaccine breakthrough infections has increased considerably despite a mass of vaccination. The formation of cytokine storm, which subsequently leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome, is the major cause of mortality in patients with COVID-19. Based on results of preclinical animal models and clinical trials of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome, the immunomodulatory, tissue repair, and antiviral properties of MSCs highlight their potential to treat COVID-19. This review article summarizes the potential mechanisms and outcomes of MSC therapy in COVID-19, along with the pathogenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The properties of MSCs and lessons from preclinical animal models of acute lung injury are mentioned ahead. Important issues related to the use of MSCs in COVID-19 are discussed finally.
新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行是由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的，是全球主要的公共卫生挑战。由于新型病毒变种的出现，尽管大规模接种疫苗，但再次感染和疫苗突破性感染的风险大大增加。细胞因子风暴的形成，随后导致急性呼吸窘迫综合征，是 COVID-19 患者死亡的主要原因。基于急性肺损伤和急性呼吸窘迫综合征的临床前动物模型和临床试验结果，间充质干细胞的免疫调节、组织修复和抗病毒特性突出了其治疗 COVID-19 的潜力。本文综述了间充质干细胞治疗 COVID-19 的潜在机制和结果，以及 SARS-CoV-2 感染的发病机制。本文还提到了间充质干细胞的特性和急性肺损伤的临床前动物模型的经验教训。最后讨论了与 COVID-19 中使用间充质干细胞相关的重要问题。
