Zewdie Amare, Mose Ayenew, Sahle Tadesse, Bedewi Jemal, Gashu Molla, Kebede Natnael, Yimer Ali
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
SAGE Open Med. 2022 Jul 22;10:20503121221113668. doi: 10.1177/20503121221113668. eCollection 2022.
The health belief model specifies that individuals' perceptions about particular behavior can predict the performance of respective behavior. So far, the model has been used to explain why people did not follow COVID-19 preventive behavior. Although we are using it, to our best knowledge, its predictive ability in COVID-19 preventive behavior is unexplored. So, this review aimed to assess the model's predictive ability and identify the most frequently related construct.
A systematic review was conducted to examine the predictive ability of health belief model in COVID-19 preventive behavior using research done all over the world. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis guidelines were used. Comprehensive literature was searched using databases such as PubMed, Google scholar, and African Online Journal to retrieve related articles. Descriptive analyses such as the proportion of studies that better explained COVID-19 prevention behavior and the significance ratio of each construct of the model were made.
Overall, 1552 articles were retrieved using a search strategy and finally 32 articles fulfilling the inclusion criteria undergo the review. We found that in the majority (87.5%) of the studies health belief model has a good predictive ability of COVID-19-related behavior. Overall the explained variance for health belief model ranged from 6.5% to 90.1%. The perceived benefit was the most frequently significant predictor; highest significance ratio (96.7%) followed by self-efficacy, cues to action perceived barrier, susceptibility, and severity in decreasing order.
Health belief model has a good predictive ability of COVID-19-related behavior in the majority of reviewed studies. The perceived benefit was the most frequently significant predictor of COVID-19-related behavior. Professionals who are in need can effectively use health belief model in planning and designing interventions to prevent and control the pandemic.
健康信念模型表明，个体对特定行为的认知能够预测相应行为的表现。到目前为止，该模型已被用于解释人们为何不遵守新冠疫情预防行为。尽管我们正在使用它，但据我们所知，其在新冠疫情预防行为中的预测能力尚未得到探索。因此，本综述旨在评估该模型的预测能力，并确定最常相关的构成要素。
进行了一项系统综述，以利用世界各地开展的研究来检验健康信念模型在新冠疫情预防行为中的预测能力。使用了系统综述和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目。通过诸如PubMed、谷歌学术和非洲在线期刊等数据库进行全面文献检索，以检索相关文章。进行了描述性分析，如能更好解释新冠疫情预防行为的研究比例以及该模型各构成要素的显著性比例。
总体而言，使用搜索策略检索到1552篇文章，最终32篇符合纳入标准的文章接受了综述。我们发现，在大多数（87.5%）研究中，健康信念模型对与新冠疫情相关的行为具有良好的预测能力。总体而言，健康信念模型的解释方差范围为6.5%至90.1%。感知益处是最常具有显著意义的预测因素；显著性比例最高（96.7%），其次是自我效能感、行动线索、感知障碍、易感性和严重性，呈递减顺序。
在大多数综述研究中，健康信念模型对与新冠疫情相关的行为具有良好的预测能力。感知益处是与新冠疫情相关行为最常具有显著意义的预测因素。有需要的专业人员可以在规划和设计预防和控制疫情的干预措施时有效利用健康信念模型。
