Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of life Science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran; Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2022 Sep;73:127044. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127044. Epub 2022 Jul 20.
COVID-19 is a rapidly spreading disease, which has caught the world by surprise. Millions of people suffer from illness, and the mortality rates are dramatically high. Currently, there is no specific and immediate treatment for this disease. Remedies are limited to supportive regiments and few antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs. The lack of a definite cure for COVID-19 is the reason behind its high mortality and global prevalence. COVID-19 can lead to a critical illness with severe respiratory distress and cytokine release. Increased oxidative stress and excessive production of inflammatory cytokines are vital components of severe COVID-19. Micronutrients, metalloids, and vitamins such as iron, manganese, selenium, Zinc, Copper, vitamin A, B family, and C are among the essential and trace elements that play a pivotal role in human nutrition and health. They participate in metabolic processes that lead to energy production. In addition, they support immune functions and act as antioxidants. Therefore, maintaining an optimal level of micronutrients intake, particularly those with antioxidant activities, is essential to fight against oxidative stress, modulate inflammation, and boost the immune system. Therefore, these factors could play a crucial role in COVID-19 prevention and treatment. In this review, we aimed to summarize antiviral properties of different vitamins and minerals. Moreover, we will investigate the correlation between them and their effects in COVID-19 patients.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）是一种传播迅速的疾病，令全球猝不及防。数百万人患病，死亡率极高。目前，尚无针对该病的特效治疗方法。治疗方法仅限于支持性治疗以及少数几种抗病毒和抗炎药物。缺乏针对 COVID-19 的明确治疗方法是其高死亡率和全球流行的原因。COVID-19 可导致严重的呼吸道窘迫和细胞因子释放，引发危重症。氧化应激增加和炎症细胞因子过度产生是严重 COVID-19 的重要组成部分。铁、锰、硒、锌、铜、维生素 A、B 族和 C 等微量营养素和类金属是人类营养和健康中必不可少的微量元素，它们参与导致能量产生的代谢过程。此外，它们还支持免疫功能并充当抗氧化剂。因此，保持最佳的微量营养素摄入水平，特别是具有抗氧化活性的微量营养素摄入水平，对于对抗氧化应激、调节炎症和增强免疫系统至关重要。因此，这些因素可能在 COVID-19 的预防和治疗中发挥关键作用。在这篇综述中，我们旨在总结不同维生素和矿物质的抗病毒特性。此外，我们将调查它们之间的相关性及其对 COVID-19 患者的影响。
