Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
ACS Nano. 2022 Aug 23;16(8):11619-11645. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04337. Epub 2022 Jul 29.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are complex lipid membrane vehicles with variable expressions of molecular cargo, composed of diverse subpopulations that participate in the intercellular signaling of biological responses in disease. EV-based liquid biopsies demonstrate invaluable clinical potential for overhauling current practices of disease management. Yet, EV heterogeneity is a major needle-in-a-haystack challenge to translate their use into clinical practice. In this review, existing digital assays will be discussed to analyze EVs at a single vesicle resolution, and future opportunities to optimize the throughput, multiplexing, and sensitivity of current digital EV assays will be highlighted. Furthermore, this review will outline the challenges and opportunities that impact the clinical translation of single EV technologies for disease diagnostics and treatment monitoring.
细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 是具有可变分子货物表达的复杂脂质膜载体，由多种亚群组成，参与疾病中生物反应的细胞间信号传递。基于 EV 的液体活检为彻底改变疾病管理的当前实践提供了宝贵的临床潜力。然而，EV 的异质性是将其应用于临床实践的一个重大挑战。在这篇综述中，将讨论现有的数字分析方法，以在单个囊泡分辨率下分析 EV，并强调未来优化当前数字 EV 分析方法的通量、多重性和灵敏度的机会。此外，本文还将概述影响单 EV 技术用于疾病诊断和治疗监测的临床转化的挑战和机遇。
