Chi Jianyu, Xu Guanglai, Yang Qiangqiang, Liu Yongting, Sun Jiuxing
School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241003, China.
Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Regional Response in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin, Wuhu, 241003, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jan;30(1):1152-1166. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-22313-4. Epub 2022 Aug 1.
Ecosystem services (ES) can mitigate ecological risks (ER), yet these services can also be affected by ER. Based on land use data, socioeconomic data, landscape index, and spatial analysis techniques such as spatial autocorrelation, we study the spatial and temporal characteristics of ES and ER in the Yangtze River Delta from 2000 to 2019. The conclusions are as follows: (1) During the study period, construction land has been growing rapidly, and the depth, complexity, and intensity of land use have been increasing. The reserve land resources in the Yangtze River Delta are scarce. (2) From 2000 to 2019, the ecosystem service value (ESV) has been declining, with a total loss of 107.562 billion RMB. The area of low ESV continues to grow rapidly, while the area of high ESV continues to shrink. High ecological risk potential exists in rivers, lakes, and coastal areas. (3) Although the ecological environment in economically developed areas is more fragile, the ecological risk potential can be reduced in two ways: strengthening urban clusters, thus improving cooperation and communication among them; and protecting ecosystems with high ES such as water area and forestland. When formulating regional development plans, in addition to socioeconomic benefits, managers and policy makers need to focus on natural benefits as well.
生态系统服务（ES）可以减轻生态风险（ER），但这些服务也可能受到生态风险的影响。基于土地利用数据、社会经济数据、景观指数以及空间自相关等空间分析技术，我们研究了2000年至2019年长江三角洲地区生态系统服务和生态风险的时空特征。研究结论如下：（1）在研究期间，建设用地迅速增长，土地利用的深度、复杂性和强度不断增加。长江三角洲地区的后备土地资源稀缺。（2）2000年至2019年，生态系统服务价值（ESV）持续下降，共计损失1075.62亿元人民币。低生态系统服务价值区域持续快速增长，而高生态系统服务价值区域持续萎缩。河流、湖泊和沿海地区存在较高的生态风险潜力。（3）尽管经济发达地区的生态环境更为脆弱，但生态风险潜力可以通过两种方式降低：加强城市群建设，从而改善它们之间的合作与交流；保护水域和林地等高生态系统服务价值的生态系统。在制定区域发展规划时，管理者和政策制定者除了关注社会经济效益外，还需要关注自然效益。
