Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, F-75015, Paris, France.
Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, G5 Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics, F-75015, Paris, France.
Nat Commun. 2022 Aug 2;13(1):4490. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-32234-y.
First identified in 1947, Zika virus took roughly 70 years to cause a pandemic unusually associated with virus-induced brain damage in newborns. Zika virus is transmitted by mosquitoes, mainly Aedes aegypti, and secondarily, Aedes albopictus, both colonizing a large strip encompassing tropical and temperate regions. As part of the international project ZIKAlliance initiated in 2016, 50 mosquito populations from six species collected in 12 countries were experimentally infected with different Zika viruses. Here, we show that Ae. aegypti is mainly responsible for Zika virus transmission having the highest susceptibility to viral infections. Other species play a secondary role in transmission while Culex mosquitoes are largely non-susceptible. Zika strain is expected to significantly modulate transmission efficiency with African strains being more likely to cause an outbreak. As the distribution of Ae. aegypti will doubtless expand with climate change and without new marketed vaccines, all the ingredients are in place to relive a new pandemic of Zika.
寨卡病毒于 1947 年首次被发现，大约花了 70 年的时间才引发了一场异常与新生婴儿病毒引起的脑损伤有关的大流行。寨卡病毒通过蚊子传播，主要是埃及伊蚊，其次是白纹伊蚊，它们都分布在一个包括热带和温带地区的大片区域。作为 2016 年发起的国际 ZIKAlliance 项目的一部分，从 12 个国家的 6 个蚊种中采集了 50 个蚊群，进行了不同的寨卡病毒的实验性感染。在这里，我们表明埃及伊蚊主要负责寨卡病毒的传播，对病毒感染的敏感性最高。其他物种在传播中起次要作用，而库蚊则基本上不易感。寨卡病毒株预计会显著改变传播效率，非洲株更有可能引发疫情爆发。随着气候变化，埃及伊蚊的分布无疑会扩大，而且没有新的上市疫苗，所有的因素都在促使寨卡病毒再次引发大流行。
