Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North garden road, Haidian district, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China.
J Assist Reprod Genet. 2022 Sep;39(9):1969-1986. doi: 10.1007/s10815-022-02533-w. Epub 2022 Aug 4.
Fertility at advanced age has become increasingly common, but the aging of parents may adversely affect the maturation of gametes and the development of embryos, and therefore the effects of aging are likely to be transmitted to the next generation. This article reviewed the studies in this field in recent years.
We searched the relevant literature in recent years with the keywords of "advanced maternal/paternal age" combined with "adverse pregnancy outcome" or "birth defect" in the PubMed database and classified the effects of parental advanced age on pregnancy outcomes and birth defects. Related studies on the effect of advanced age on birth defects were classified as chromosomal abnormalities, neurological and psychiatric disorders, and other systemic diseases. The effect of assisted reproduction technology (ART) on fertility in advanced age was also discussed.
Differences in the definition of the range of advanced age and other confounding factors among studies were excluded, most studies believed that advanced parental age would affect pregnancy outcomes and birth defects in offspring.
To some extent, advanced parental age caused adverse pregnancy outcomes and birth defects. The occurrence of these results was related to the molecular genetic changes caused by aging, such as gene mutations, epigenetic variations, etc. Any etiology of adverse pregnancy outcomes and birth defects related to aging might be more than one. The detrimental effect of advanced age can be corrected to some extent by ART.
高龄生育越来越常见，但父母的衰老可能会对配子的成熟和胚胎的发育产生不利影响，因此衰老的影响可能会传递给下一代。本文综述了近年来该领域的研究。
我们在 PubMed 数据库中以“高龄产妇/父亲”结合“不良妊娠结局”或“出生缺陷”为关键词，检索近年来的相关文献，并对父母高龄对妊娠结局和出生缺陷的影响进行分类。将高龄对出生缺陷影响的相关研究分为染色体异常、神经精神障碍和其他系统性疾病。还讨论了辅助生殖技术（ART）对高龄生育的影响。
排除了研究中高龄范围的定义差异和其他混杂因素，大多数研究认为高龄父母会影响后代的妊娠结局和出生缺陷。
在某种程度上，高龄父母会导致不良妊娠结局和出生缺陷。这些结果的发生与衰老引起的分子遗传变化有关，如基因突变、表观遗传变化等。与衰老相关的任何不良妊娠结局和出生缺陷的病因可能不止一个。ART 在一定程度上可以纠正高龄带来的不利影响。
