遵循旧石器时代饮食并结合生活方式因素可降低非酒精性脂肪性肝病的患病风险：一项病例对照研究。

Adherence to a Paleolithic Diet in Combination With Lifestyle Factors Reduces the Risk for the Presence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case-Control Study.

作者信息

Sohouli Mohammad Hassan, Fatahi Somaye, Izze da Silva Magalhães Elma, Rodrigues de Oliveira Bianca, Rohani Pejman, Ezoddin Neda, Roshan Mehdi Mehdinezhad, Hekmatdoost Azita

机构信息

Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

Front Nutr. 2022 Jul 19;9:934845. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.934845. eCollection 2022.

DOI:10.3389/fnut.2022.934845

PMID:35928841

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9343691/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Evidence suggests the role of changing traditional lifestyle patterns, such as Paleolithic, to the modern lifestyle in the incidence and epidemic of chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between the Paleolithic diet (PD) and the Paleolithic-like lifestyle and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among an adult population.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This case-control study was carried out among 206 patients with NAFLD and 306 healthy subjects aged >18 years. PD score was evaluated using a validated 168-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire. In addition, to calculate the Paleolithic-like lifestyle score, the components of physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status of the participants were combined with the score of the PD.

RESULTS

The mean PD and Paleolithic-like lifestyle scores were 38.11 ± 5.63 and 48.92 ± 6.45, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, higher scores of adherence to the PD diet conferred a protection for the presence of NAFLD [odds ratio (OR): 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.28-0.98; for trend = 0.021]. Furthermore, PD and healthy lifestyle habits were negatively associated with NAFLD (OR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.23-0.78; for trend = 0.007).

CONCLUSION

Our data suggest that the PD alone and in combination with lifestyle factors was associated with decreased risk of NAFLD in a significant manner in the overall population. However, prospective studies are needed to further investigate this association.

摘要

背景

有证据表明，从旧石器时代的传统生活方式转变为现代生活方式在慢性病的发生和流行中起到了作用。本研究的目的是调查成人中旧石器时代饮食（PD）和类似旧石器时代的生活方式与非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）风险之间的关联。

材料与方法

本病例对照研究在206例NAFLD患者和306名年龄大于18岁的健康受试者中进行。使用经过验证的168项定量食物频率问卷评估PD得分。此外，为了计算类似旧石器时代的生活方式得分，将参与者的身体活动、体重指数（BMI）和吸烟状况等因素与PD得分相结合。

结果

PD和类似旧石器时代的生活方式得分均值分别为38.11±5.63和48.92±6.45。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，更高的PD饮食依从性得分对NAFLD的存在具有保护作用[比值比（OR）：0.53；95%置信区间（CI）：0.28 - 0.98；趋势检验P值 = 0.021]。此外，PD和健康的生活习惯与NAFLD呈负相关（OR = 0.42，95% CI 0.23 - 0.78；趋势检验P值 = 0.007）。