Oliveira Beatriz B, Ferreira Daniela, Fernandes Alexandra R, Baptista Pedro Viana
UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal.
i4HB, Associate Laboratory-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2023 Jan;15(1):e1836. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1836. Epub 2022 Aug 5.
Advances in nanotechnology and medical science have spurred the development of engineered nanomaterials and nanoparticles with particular focus on their applications in biomedicine. In particular, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been the focus of great interest, due to their exquisite intrinsic properties, such as ease of synthesis and surface functionalization, tunable size and shape, lack of acute toxicity and favorable optical, electronic, and physicochemical features, which possess great value for application in biodetection and diagnostics purposes, including molecular sensing, photoimaging, and application under the form of portable and simple biosensors (e.g., lateral flow immunoassays that have been extensively exploited during the current COVID-19 pandemic). We shall discuss the main properties of AuNPs, their synthesis and conjugation to biorecognition moieties, and the current trends in sensing and detection in biomedicine and diagnostics. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle-Based Sensing Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
纳米技术和医学科学的进步推动了工程纳米材料和纳米颗粒的发展，尤其关注它们在生物医学中的应用。特别是，金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）因其出色的固有特性而备受关注，例如易于合成和表面功能化、可调节的尺寸和形状、无急性毒性以及良好的光学、电子和物理化学特性，这些特性在生物检测和诊断目的中具有巨大的应用价值，包括分子传感、光成像以及以便携式和简单生物传感器的形式应用（例如，在当前的COVID-19大流行期间被广泛使用的侧向流动免疫测定）。我们将讨论金纳米颗粒的主要特性、它们的合成以及与生物识别部分的结合，以及生物医学和诊断中传感与检测的当前趋势。本文分类如下：诊断工具>生物传感；诊断工具>基于纳米颗粒的体外传感；诊断工具>体内纳米诊断与成像。
