Chen Xin-Zhu, Guo Rong, Zhao Cong, Xu Jing, Song Hang, Yu Hua, Pilarsky Christian, Nainu Firzan, Li Jing-Quan, Zhou Xin-Ke, Zhang Jian-Ye
Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jul 22;13:939090. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.939090. eCollection 2022.
Cancer becomes one of the main causes of human deaths in the world due to the high incidence and mortality rate and produces serious economic burdens. With more and more attention is paid on cancer, its therapies are getting more of a concern. Previous research has shown that the occurrence, progression, and treatment prognosis of malignant tumors are closely related to genetic and gene mutation. CRISPR/Cas9 has emerged as a powerful method for making changes to the genome, which has extensively been applied in various cell lines. Establishing the cell and animal models by CRISPR/Cas9 laid the foundation for the clinical trials which possibly treated the tumor. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing technology brings a great promise for inhibiting migration, invasion, and even treatment of tumor. However, the potential off-target effect limits its clinical application, and the effective ethical review is necessary. The article reviews the molecular mechanisms of CRISPR/Cas9 and discusses the research and the limitation related to cancer clinical trials.
由于癌症的高发病率和死亡率，它已成为全球人类死亡的主要原因之一，并产生了严重的经济负担。随着对癌症的关注度越来越高，其治疗方法也越来越受到关注。先前的研究表明，恶性肿瘤的发生、发展和治疗预后与基因及基因突变密切相关。CRISPR/Cas9已成为一种强大的基因组编辑方法，广泛应用于各种细胞系。通过CRISPR/Cas9建立细胞和动物模型为可能治疗肿瘤的临床试验奠定了基础。CRISPR-Cas9介导的基因组编辑技术为抑制肿瘤迁移、侵袭甚至治疗带来了巨大希望。然而，潜在的脱靶效应限制了其临床应用，有效的伦理审查是必要的。本文综述了CRISPR/Cas9的分子机制，并讨论了与癌症临床试验相关的研究及局限性。
