Liu Yuzhou, Li Congying, Shen Xiaofei, Liu Yue
School of Leisure Sports, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China.
State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jul 22;13:969827. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.969827. eCollection 2022.
Exercise-induced fatigue is a non-pathological fatigue and indicated by a reduction of muscle performance that is caused by excessive physical activity. It seriously affects the daily lives of people, in particular athletes, military personnel, and manual laborers. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to improving the adverse effect of exercise-induced fatigue on people's daily activities. Thus, studies and applications of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in relieving exercise-induced fatigue have become the focus because of their good curative effects with fewer side effects. This review aims to document and summarize the critical and comprehensive information about the biological processes of exercise-induced fatigue, and to know the types of TCMs, their active components, and possible molecular mechanisms in alleviating exercise-induced fatigue. The peripheral and central mechanisms that cause exercise-induced fatigue have been summarized. A total of 47 exercise-induced fatigue relief TCMs have been collected, mostly including the types of visceral function regulation and emotional adjustment TCMs. Polysaccharides, terpenes, flavonoids/polyphenols are demonstrated to be the major bioactive components. The underlying molecular mechanisms are mainly related to the improvement of energy metabolism, elimination of excess metabolites, inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory response, regulation of HPA axis and neurotransmitters. Although current results are obtained mostly from animal models, the clinic trials are still insufficient, and a very few TCMs have been reported to possess potential hepatotoxicity. These findings still offer great reference value, and the significant efficacy in relieving exercise-induced fatigue is impossible to ignore. This review is expected to give insights into the research and development of new TCMs-derived drugs and health care products in relieving exercise-induced fatigue.
运动性疲劳是一种非病理性疲劳，表现为过度体力活动导致的肌肉性能下降。它严重影响人们的日常生活，尤其是运动员、军事人员和体力劳动者。近年来，人们越来越关注改善运动性疲劳对日常活动的不利影响。因此，中药在缓解运动性疲劳方面的研究和应用因其疗效好、副作用少而成为焦点。本综述旨在记录和总结关于运动性疲劳生物学过程的关键和全面信息，了解中药的类型、其活性成分以及缓解运动性疲劳的可能分子机制。总结了导致运动性疲劳的外周和中枢机制。共收集了47种缓解运动性疲劳的中药，主要包括调节内脏功能和调节情绪的中药类型。多糖、萜类、黄酮类/多酚类被证明是主要的生物活性成分。潜在的分子机制主要与改善能量代谢、清除多余代谢产物、抑制氧化应激和炎症反应、调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴和神经递质有关。虽然目前的结果大多来自动物模型，但临床试验仍然不足，而且很少有中药被报道具有潜在的肝毒性。这些发现仍然具有很大的参考价值，其在缓解运动性疲劳方面的显著疗效不容忽视。本综述有望为新型中药衍生药物和保健品在缓解运动性疲劳方面的研发提供见解。
