Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Malla Reddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, e-mail:
Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
J Contemp Dent Pract. 2022 Apr 1;23(4):467-477.
This review aims to explore the importance of silk hydrogel and its potential in tissue engineering (TE).
Tissue engineering is a procedure that incorporates cells into the scaffold materials with suitable growth factors to regenerate injured tissue. For tissue formation in TE, the scaffold material plays a key role. Different forms of silk fibroin (SF), such as films, mats, hydrogels, and sponges, can be easily manufactured when SF is disintegrated into an aqueous solution. High precision procedures such as micropatterning and bioprinting of SF-based scaffolds have been used for enhanced fabrication.
In this narrative review, SF physicochemical and mechanical properties have been presented. We have also discussed SF fabrication techniques like electrospinning, spin coating, freeze-drying, and physiochemical cross-linking. The application of SF-based scaffolds for skeletal, tissue, joint, muscle, epidermal, tissue repair, and tympanic membrane regeneration has also been addressed.
SF has excellent mechanical properties, tunability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and bioresorbability.
Silk hydrogels are an ideal scaffold matrix material that will significantly impact tissue engineering applications, given the rapid scientific advancements in this field.
本综述旨在探讨丝素水凝胶的重要性及其在组织工程（TE）中的潜力。
组织工程是一种将细胞与合适的生长因子结合到支架材料中以再生受损组织的方法。对于 TE 中的组织形成，支架材料起着关键作用。当丝素（SF）分解为水溶液时，可以很容易地制造出不同形式的 SF，例如膜、垫、水凝胶和海绵。已经使用 SF 基支架的高精度程序，如微图案化和生物打印，用于增强制造。
在本叙述性综述中，介绍了 SF 的物理化学和机械性能。我们还讨论了 SF 的制造技术，如静电纺丝、旋涂、冷冻干燥和物理化学交联。SF 基支架在骨骼、组织、关节、肌肉、表皮、组织修复和鼓膜再生中的应用也得到了讨论。
SF 具有优异的机械性能、可调节性、生物降解性、生物相容性和生物吸收性。
鉴于该领域的快速科学进步，丝素水凝胶是一种理想的支架基质材料，将对组织工程应用产生重大影响。
