Department of Dentistry, Puzi Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Chiayi, Taiwan.
Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei, Taiwan.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Aug 11;22(1):1531. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13938-8.
Osteoporosis is an important public health issue in aging societies because of its associated morbidity, mortality, and decreased quality of life. The study aims to identify the association of low bone mineral density, including osteoporosis and osteopenia, with environmental and personal factors.
The data of participants aged ≥ 20 years with multiple visits were obtained from a health check-up database in Taiwan from 2008 to 2016. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to identify the selected factors associated with low bone mineral density for multiple visit data.
A total of 194,910 participants with 359,943 visits were included in this study. The prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD) in the study population was 10.6% (n = 20.615). Older women, ever and current smokers (odds ratio (OR) = 1.04 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01, 1.08]), or participants who were underweight (OR = 1.72 [1.64, 1.81]), consumed a vegetarian diet (OR = 1.32 [1.25, 1.39]), or had higher triglyceride levels (OR = 1.04 [1.01, 1.06]) were significantly associated with a higher risk of low BMD. Participants who had higher educational years (OR = 0.43 [0.41, 0.46]), higher physical activity (OR = 0.93 [0.89, 0.97]), appropriate sleep duration and better quality (OR = 0.98 [0.97, 0.99]), dairy intake (≥ 1 slice of yogurt or cheese/week, OR = 0.97 [0.95, 0.99]), higher uric acid (OR = 0.93 [0.91, 0.95]), higher walkability (OR = 0.997 [0.995,0.999]), and higher solar radiation exposure (OR = 0.997 [0.97,0.99]) were significantly associated with a lower risk of low BMD.
Interventions in different directions, such as having better health behaviors, increasing sun exposure, and residing in a highly walkable environment, are beneficial for reducing the risk of low BMD.
骨质疏松症是老龄化社会中一个重要的公共卫生问题，因为它会导致发病率、死亡率和生活质量下降。本研究旨在确定低骨密度（包括骨质疏松症和骨量减少）与环境和个人因素的关联。
本研究的数据来自 2008 年至 2016 年台湾健康检查数据库中年龄≥20 岁且多次就诊的参与者。对多变量逻辑回归进行分析，以确定与多次就诊数据相关的低骨密度的相关因素。
本研究共纳入 194910 名参与者，共 359943 次就诊。研究人群中低骨密度（BMD）的患病率为 10.6%（n=20615）。较年长的女性、既往吸烟者和当前吸烟者（比值比（OR）=1.04 [95%置信区间（CI）=1.01, 1.08]）或体重不足者（OR=1.72 [1.64, 1.81]）、素食者（OR=1.32 [1.25, 1.39]）或甘油三酯水平较高者（OR=1.04 [1.01, 1.06]）患低 BMD 的风险显著增加。受教育程度较高者（OR=0.43 [0.41, 0.46]）、体力活动较高者（OR=0.93 [0.89, 0.97]）、睡眠时长和睡眠质量较好者（OR=0.98 [0.97, 0.99]）、摄入乳制品（每周≥1 片酸奶或奶酪，OR=0.97 [0.95, 0.99]）、尿酸水平较高者（OR=0.93 [0.91, 0.95]）、可步行性较高者（OR=0.997 [0.995,0.999]）和接受太阳辐射较多者（OR=0.997 [0.97,0.99]）患低 BMD 的风险显著降低。
改善健康行为、增加日照和居住在高可步行性环境等不同方向的干预措施，有利于降低低 BMD 的风险。
