Béjaoui Awatef, Ben Abdallah Ibtihel, Maaroufi Abderrazak
Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology Development, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis 1002, Tunisia.
Foods. 2022 Jul 29;11(15):2269. doi: 10.3390/foods11152269.
Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease transmitted to humans, predominantly by the consumption of contaminated raw milk and dairy products. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of spp. in 200 raw milk, ricotta, and artisan fresh cheese samples, collected from individual marketing points in four districts in Tunisia. Samples were analyzed for the presence of spp. by IS711-based real-time PCR assay. Positive samples were further analyzed by qPCR for and species differentiation. The DNA of spp. was detected in 75% of the samples, was detected in 31.3%, and was detected in 5.3% of positive samples. A percentage of 49.3% of samples co-harbored both species, while 14% of the spp. positive samples were not identified either as or . High contamination rates were found in ricotta (86.2%), cheese (69.6%), and raw milk (72.5%) samples. The study is the first in Tunisia to assess the occurrence of spp. contamination in artisanal unpasteurized dairy products and showed high contamination rates. The detection of both and highlights that zoonotic high-pathogen agent control remains a challenge for food safety and consumer health protection and could represent a serious emerging foodborne disease in Tunisia.
布鲁氏菌病是一种全球性人畜共患病，主要通过食用受污染的生牛奶和奶制品传播给人类。本研究旨在调查从突尼斯四个地区的个体销售点采集的200份生牛奶、意大利乳清干酪和手工鲜奶酪样本中布鲁氏菌属的存在情况。通过基于IS711的实时PCR检测法分析样本中布鲁氏菌属的存在情况。对阳性样本进一步进行qPCR分析以区分羊种布鲁氏菌和牛种布鲁氏菌。在75%的样本中检测到布鲁氏菌属DNA，在31.3%的样本中检测到羊种布鲁氏菌，在5.3%的阳性样本中检测到牛种布鲁氏菌。49.3%的样本同时含有这两种菌，而14%的布鲁氏菌属阳性样本既未鉴定为羊种布鲁氏菌也未鉴定为牛种布鲁氏菌。在意大利乳清干酪（86.2%）、奶酪（69.6%）和生牛奶（72.5%）样本中发现了高污染率。该研究是突尼斯首次评估手工制作的未巴氏杀菌乳制品中布鲁氏菌属污染的情况，结果显示污染率很高。羊种布鲁氏菌和牛种布鲁氏菌的检测突出表明，人畜共患高致病性病原体的控制仍然是食品安全和消费者健康保护面临的一项挑战，并且可能成为突尼斯一种严重的新出现的食源性疾病。
