Blanco-Llamero Cristina, Fonseca Joel, Durazzo Alessandra, Lucarini Massimo, Santini Antonello, Señoráns Francisco J, Souto Eliana B
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
Healthy Lipids Group, Departmental Section of Food Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Foods. 2022 Aug 3;11(15):2318. doi: 10.3390/foods11152318.
Nutraceuticals have gained increasing attention over the last years due to their potential value as therapeutic compounds formulated from natural sources. For instance, there is a wide range of literature about the cardioprotective properties of omega-3 lipids and the antioxidant value of some phenolic compounds, which are related to antitumoral activity. However, the value of nutraceuticals can be limited by their instability under gastric pH and intestinal fluids, their low solubility and absorption. That is why encapsulation is a crucial step in nutraceutical design. In fact, pharmaceutical nanotechnology improves nutraceutical stability and bioavailability through the design and production of efficient nanoparticles (NPs). Lipid nanoparticles protect the bioactive compounds from light and external damage, including the gastric and intestinal conditions, providing a retarded delivery in the target area and guaranteeing the expected therapeutic effect of the nutraceutical. This review will focus on the key aspects of the encapsulation of bioactive compounds into lipid nanoparticles, exploring the pharmaceutical production methods available for the synthesis of NPs containing nutraceuticals. Moreover, the most common nutraceuticals will be discussed, considering the bioactive compounds, their natural source and the described biological properties.
在过去几年中，营养保健品因其作为源自天然来源的治疗性化合物的潜在价值而受到越来越多的关注。例如，有大量关于ω-3脂质的心脏保护特性以及某些酚类化合物的抗氧化价值的文献，这些都与抗肿瘤活性有关。然而，营养保健品的价值可能会受到其在胃酸pH值和肠液中不稳定、低溶解度和吸收性的限制。这就是为什么包封是营养保健品设计中的关键步骤。事实上，药物纳米技术通过设计和生产高效的纳米颗粒（NPs）来提高营养保健品的稳定性和生物利用度。脂质纳米颗粒保护生物活性化合物免受光照和外部损害，包括胃和肠道环境的影响，在靶区域提供缓释，并保证营养保健品预期的治疗效果。本综述将聚焦于将生物活性化合物包封到脂质纳米颗粒中的关键方面，探索可用于合成含有营养保健品的纳米颗粒的药物生产方法。此外，将讨论最常见的营养保健品，考虑生物活性化合物、它们的天然来源以及所描述的生物学特性。
