Department of Social Work and Health Care, Ludwigshafen University of Business and Society, 67059 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Institute of Biomedical Ethics and History of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 30;19(15):9336. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159336.
Participatory approaches create opportunities for cooperation, building relationships, gaining knowledge, rethinking, and eventually changing power structures. From an international perspective, the article looks at the historical development of different participatory approaches in which building relationships and managing the balance of power between persons engaged in participatory research are central. The authors present and critically reflect on four research projects to show how they understood and implemented participatory research in different ways and what they have learned from their respective experiences. The "PaSuMi" project worked in the context of addiction prevention with migrants and provides a glimpse into different contexts of participatory research. The initiator of the study "Back into life-with a power wheelchair" works with post-stroke individuals who use the assistive device in community mobility and reflects on the shifting and intertwining roles of participants. In the research project "Workshops for implementation of expanded community nursing", new professional roles for nurses in community nursing were developed; here limitations to participation and ways to deal with them are illustrated. Finally, the "DIPEx" project deals with challenges of enabling participation of persons with multiple sclerosis via narrative interviews on the experience of health and illness. All examples underline the necessity of a permanent reflection on relationships and power dynamics in participatory research processes.
参与式方法为合作、建立关系、获取知识、重新思考以及最终改变权力结构创造了机会。从国际视角出发，本文审视了不同参与式方法的历史发展，其中建立关系和管理参与式研究人员之间的权力平衡是核心。作者介绍并批判性地反思了四个研究项目，以展示他们如何以不同的方式理解和实施参与式研究，以及他们从各自的经验中学到了什么。“PaSuMi”项目在移民预防成瘾的背景下开展工作，为参与式研究的不同背景提供了一个视角。该研究的发起者“借助轮椅重新回归生活”的工作对象是在社区活动中使用辅助设备的中风后患者，他们反思了参与者角色的转变和交织。在“扩大社区护理实施工作坊”的研究项目中，为社区护理中的护士开发了新的专业角色；在此，参与的限制及其应对方式得到了说明。最后，“DIPEx”项目通过对健康和疾病体验的叙事性访谈，解决了使多发性硬化症患者参与的挑战。所有这些例子都强调了在参与式研究过程中不断反思关系和权力动态的必要性。
