Department of Nursing, University of Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain.
ENDOCU Research Group (Nursing, Pain and Care), Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 8;19(15):9742. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159742.
(1) Introduction: The establishment of milk banks in the Islamic world as well as donation to Islamic families in Western countries remains a challenge in the context of human lactation. Religious reservations established since the Qur'an and regulated at the legal-religious and medical level equate milk kinship with consanguinity, which prevents donation. The aim of the study was to analyse the evolution in the model of breastfeeding and care in Islamic society. (2) Methods: The methodology of comparative history was applied, following the structural-dialectical model of care. Historical manuals, articles and databases were analysed. (3) Results: Paediatric care in medical manuals from the 10th-15th centuries is similar to that practiced by the Muslim population today, some beneficial, some harmful; the wet nurse had to follow a series of dietary habits and have a series of physical, moral and educational characteristics in order to be hired. They constituted a beginning of pseudo-professionalisation, in a domestic-family framework. Human milk was used as a remedy for different health problems. (4) Conclusions: Islamic society and nursing have to evolve towards transnational care adapted to the needs of the population.
(1) 引言：在人乳喂养的背景下，建立伊斯兰世界的母乳库以及向西方国家的伊斯兰家庭捐赠母乳仍然是一个挑战。自《古兰经》以来确立的宗教保留意见，并在法律-宗教和医疗层面进行规范，将母乳亲属关系等同于血缘关系，从而阻止了捐赠。本研究的目的是分析伊斯兰社会母乳喂养和护理模式的演变。(2) 方法：采用比较历史的方法，遵循护理的结构-辩证模式。分析了历史手册、文章和数据库。(3) 结果：10 至 15 世纪医学手册中的儿科护理与今天穆斯林群体所实行的护理相似，有些有益，有些有害；奶妈必须遵循一系列饮食习惯，并具有一系列身体、道德和教育特征才能被雇用。她们在家庭-家庭框架内构成了准专业化的开端。人乳被用作治疗各种健康问题的药物。(4) 结论：伊斯兰社会和护理必须朝着适应人口需求的跨国护理方向发展。
