Division of Zoonosis of Natural Foci, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2022 Nov;69(6):3300-3316. doi: 10.1111/tbed.14681. Epub 2022 Sep 9.
The number of parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) infection cases has increased worldwide over the past six decades; however, factors underlying this increase remain unclear. PIV5 has been emerging or re-emerging in humans and animal species. To date, no information is yet available regarding PIV5 infection in arthropod ticks. Here, we successfully isolated tick-derived PIV5 from the Ixodes persulcatus species designated as HLJ/Tick/2019 in Heilongjiang, China. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the tick-derived PIV5 is closely related to subclade 2.2.6, which has become the dominant subtype prevalent in dogs, pigs and wildlife across China. Further experiments to understand the importance of this virus as an infectious vector revealed that a ferret animal model experimentally infected with Tick/HLJ/2019 via the oronasal and ocular inoculation routes developed moderate respiratory distress with pneumonia and neurologic tissue damage from inflammation for the first time. Further surveillance of PIV5 in vectors of viral transmission is necessary to enhance our knowledge of its ecology in reservoirs and facilitate the control of re-emerging diseases.
副流感病毒 5 型（PIV5）在过去六十年间在全球范围内的感染病例数量不断增加；然而，导致这种增加的因素仍不清楚。PIV5 一直在人类和动物物种中出现或重新出现。迄今为止，尚无关于节肢动物蜱中 PIV5 感染的信息。在这里，我们成功地从中国黑龙江省命名为 HLJ/Tick/2019 的硬蜱属中分离出蜱源性 PIV5。系统进化分析表明，蜱源性 PIV5 与亚分支 2.2.6 密切相关，该亚分支已成为中国犬、猪和野生动物中流行的主要亚型。进一步研究了解该病毒作为感染媒介的重要性的实验表明，通过口鼻和眼接种途径实验感染 Tick/HLJ/2019 的雪貂动物模型首次出现中度呼吸窘迫伴肺炎和炎症导致的神经组织损伤。有必要对病毒传播媒介中的 PIV5 进行进一步监测，以增强我们对其在水库中的生态学的认识，并有助于控制重新出现的疾病。
