Kim Soohyun, Lee Jong-Hwan
Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114 Republic of Korea.
Biochip J. 2022;16(4):376-396. doi: 10.1007/s13206-022-00078-9. Epub 2022 Aug 10.
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had significant economic and social impacts on billions of people worldwide since severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported in Wuhan, China, in November 2019. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based technology serves as a robust test to detect SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19, there is a high demand for cost-effective, rapid, comfortable, and accurate point-of-care diagnostic tests in medical facilities. This review introduces the SARS-CoV-2 viral structure and diagnostic biomarkers derived from viral components. A comprehensive introduction of a paper-based diagnostic platform, including detection mechanisms for various target biomarkers and a COVID-19 commercial kit is presented. Intrinsic limitations related to the poor performance of currently developed paper-based devices and unresolved issues are discussed. Furthermore, we provide insight into novel paper-based diagnostic platforms integrated with advanced technologies such as nanotechnology, aptamers, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas. Finally, we discuss the prospects for the development of highly sensitive, accurate, cost-effective, and easy-to-use point-of-care COVID-19 diagnostic methods.
自2019年11月在中国武汉首次报告严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）以来，全球2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行已对全球数十亿人产生了重大经济和社会影响。尽管基于聚合酶链反应（PCR）的技术是检测COVID-19患者体内SARS-CoV-2的可靠检测方法，但医疗机构对经济高效、快速、舒适且准确的即时诊断检测仍有很高的需求。本文综述介绍了SARS-CoV-2病毒结构以及源自病毒成分的诊断生物标志物。全面介绍了一种基于纸的诊断平台，包括各种目标生物标志物的检测机制以及一种COVID-19商业试剂盒。讨论了与当前开发的基于纸的设备性能不佳相关的固有局限性以及未解决的问题。此外，我们深入探讨了与纳米技术、适体、表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）和成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR）-Cas等先进技术集成的新型基于纸的诊断平台。最后，我们讨论了开发高灵敏度、准确、经济高效且易于使用的即时COVID-19诊断方法的前景。
