Wang Xiaobo, Wang Dan, Lu Hongwei, Wang Xiaowei, Wang Xuelei, Su Jiayi, Xia Guimin
Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, P. R. China.
Small. 2024 Mar;20(10):e2305988. doi: 10.1002/smll.202305988. Epub 2024 Jan 4.
Biofilm-associated infections are one of the most challenging healthcare threats for humans, accounting for 80% of bacterial infections, leading to persistent and chronic infections. The conventional antibiotics still face their dilemma of poor therapeutic effects due to the high tolerance and resistance led by bacterial biofilm barriers. Nanotechnology-based antimicrobials, nanoparticles (NPs), are paid attention extensively and considered as promising alternative. This review focuses on the whole journey of NPs against biofilm-associated infections, and to clarify it clearly, the journey is divided into four processes in sequence as 1) Targeting biofilms, 2) Penetrating biofilm barrier, 3) Attaching to bacterial cells, and 4) Translocating through bacterial cell envelope. Through outlining the compositions and properties of biofilms and bacteria cells, recent advances and present the strategies of each process are comprehensively discussed to combat biofilm-associated infections, as well as the combined strategies against these infections with drug resistance, aiming to guide the rational design and facilitate wide application of NPs in biofilm-associated infections.
生物膜相关感染是对人类最具挑战性的医疗威胁之一，占细菌感染的80%，会导致持续性和慢性感染。由于细菌生物膜屏障导致的高耐受性和耐药性，传统抗生素在治疗效果上仍面临困境。基于纳米技术的抗菌剂，即纳米颗粒（NPs），受到广泛关注并被视为有前景的替代物。本综述聚焦于纳米颗粒对抗生物膜相关感染的全过程，为清晰阐明这一过程，将其依次分为四个阶段：1）靶向生物膜；2）穿透生物膜屏障；3）附着于细菌细胞；4）穿过细菌细胞膜。通过概述生物膜和细菌细胞的组成及特性，全面讨论了每个阶段对抗生物膜相关感染的最新进展和策略，以及针对耐药性感染的联合策略，旨在指导纳米颗粒在生物膜相关感染中的合理设计并促进其广泛应用。
