Peña-Flores José A, Bermúdez Mercedes, Ramos-Payán Rosalío, Villegas-Mercado Carlos E, Soto-Barreras Uriel, Muela-Campos Daniela, Álvarez-Ramírez Alexis, Pérez-Aguirre Brenda, Larrinua-Pacheco Ana D, López-Camarillo César, López-Gutiérrez Jorge A, Garnica-Palazuelos Julio, Estrada-Macías Marvin E, Cota-Quintero Juan L, Barraza-Gómez Andrés A
Faculty of Odontology, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico.
Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico.
Front Oncol. 2022 Aug 1;12:965628. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.965628. eCollection 2022.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) originates in the squamous cell lining the mucosal surfaces of the head and neck region, including the oral cavity, nasopharynx, tonsils, oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx. The heterogeneity, anatomical, and functional characteristics of the patient make the HNSCC a complex and difficult-to-treat disease, leading to a poor survival rate and a decreased quality of life due to the loss of important physiologic functions and aggressive surgical injury. Alteration of driver-oncogenic and tumor-suppressing lncRNAs has recently been recently in HNSCC to obtain possible biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approaches. This review provides current knowledge about the implication of lncRNAs in drug resistance mechanisms in HNSCC. Chemotherapy resistance is a major therapeutic challenge in HNSCC in which lncRNAs are implicated. Lately, it has been shown that lncRNAs involved in autophagy induced by chemotherapy and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) can act as mechanisms of resistance to anticancer drugs. Conversely, lncRNAs involved in mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) are related to chemosensitivity and inhibition of invasiveness of drug-resistant cells. In this regard, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a pivotal role in both processes and are important for cancer detection, progression, diagnosis, therapy response, and prognostic values. As the involvement of more lncRNAs is elucidated in chemoresistance mechanisms, an improvement in diagnostic and prognostic tools could promote an advance in targeted and specific therapies in precision oncology.
头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）起源于头颈部区域黏膜表面的鳞状细胞，包括口腔、鼻咽、扁桃体、口咽、喉和下咽。患者的异质性、解剖学和功能特征使HNSCC成为一种复杂且难以治疗的疾病，由于重要生理功能丧失和侵袭性手术损伤，导致生存率低和生活质量下降。最近，在HNSCC中发现了驱动致癌和肿瘤抑制lncRNAs的改变，以获得用于诊断、预后和治疗方法的可能生物标志物。本综述提供了关于lncRNAs在HNSCC耐药机制中的作用的当前知识。化疗耐药是HNSCC中的一个主要治疗挑战，lncRNAs与之相关。最近研究表明，参与化疗诱导的自噬和上皮-间质转化（EMT）的lncRNAs可作为抗癌药物耐药的机制。相反，参与间质-上皮转化（MET）的lncRNAs与化疗敏感性和耐药细胞侵袭性的抑制有关。在这方面，长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）在这两个过程中都起着关键作用，对癌症检测、进展、诊断、治疗反应和预后价值都很重要。随着更多lncRNAs在化疗耐药机制中的作用被阐明，诊断和预后工具的改进可能会推动精准肿瘤学中靶向和特异性治疗的进步。
