Molero Jurado María Del Mar, Pérez-Fuentes María Del Carmen, Martos Martínez África, Gázquez Linares José Jesús
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
Department of Psychology, Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay, Asunción, Paraguay.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Jul 27;9:965417. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.965417. eCollection 2022.
Even though emotional intelligence and self-esteem are truly important variables in healthcare, the fact is that there are few studies on these constructs in Spanish physicians. The objective was to analyze the relationship between self-esteem and emotional intelligence in Spanish physicians, and their relationship with sociodemographic and employment variables.
The study included a sample of 180 physicians with a mean age of 34.61, 76.7% of whom were women. The physician completed the Rosenberg self-esteem scale, the Brief Emotional Intelligence Inventory for Senior Citizens and a questionnaire on sociodemographic and work characteristics through a CAWI (Computer Assisted Web Interviewing).
The results showed that the interpersonal factor of emotional intelligence diminished with age and number of children. Furthermore, women scored significantly higher in interpersonal emotional intelligence and men in adaptability. Physicians with stable contracts (46.1%) scored higher in all the emotional intelligence variables, with almost a small effect size. In the relationship between self-esteem and emotional intelligence, it was found that global self-esteem of physicians was positively related to the Stress Management, Adaptability and Mood dimensions. Physicians with high self-esteem (72.8%) showed better Stress Management and Mood than those with low self-esteem (6.1%), while in the Adaptability factor, physicians with high global self-esteem scored higher than those with medium levels (21.1%).
The need for a stable employment strategy was demonstrated, since this has repercussions on personal competencies of physicians as well as training in developing those consequences, since they improve physicians' quality of care and leadership, especially women with temporary contracts or with medium or low self-esteem.
尽管情商和自尊在医疗保健领域确实是重要变量，但事实上，针对西班牙医生在这些方面的研究却很少。本研究的目的是分析西班牙医生自尊与情商之间的关系，以及它们与社会人口统计学和就业变量之间的关系。
该研究纳入了180名医生作为样本，他们的平均年龄为34.61岁，其中76.7%为女性。医生通过计算机辅助网络访谈（CAWI）完成了罗森伯格自尊量表、老年人简易情商量表以及一份关于社会人口统计学和工作特征的问卷。
结果显示，情商的人际因素会随着年龄和子女数量的增加而降低。此外，女性在人际情商方面得分显著更高，而男性在适应性方面得分更高。拥有稳定合同的医生（46.1%）在所有情商量表变量上得分更高，且效应量几乎较小。在自尊与情商的关系方面，研究发现医生的总体自尊与压力管理、适应性和情绪维度呈正相关。高自尊的医生（72.8%）在压力管理和情绪方面表现优于低自尊的医生（6.1%），而在适应性因素方面，总体自尊高的医生得分高于中等水平的医生（21.1%）。
研究表明需要一种稳定的就业策略，因为这会对医生的个人能力产生影响，同时也需要开展相关培训来培养这些能力，因为它们能提高医生的护理质量和领导能力，尤其是对于那些签订临时合同或自尊水平中等或较低的女性医生。
