is with the Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
are with the Society of Meta-Research and Biomedical Innovation, London, United Kingdom.
Nutr Rev. 2023 Mar 10;81(4):416-427. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac064.
From an energy perspective, the brain is very metabolically demanding. It is well documented that creatine plays a key role in brain bioenergetics. There is some evidence that creatine supplementation can augment brain creatine stores, which could increase memory.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to determine the effects of creatine supplementation on memory performance in healthy humans.
The literature was searched through the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases from inception until September 2021.
Twenty-three eligible RCTs were initially identified. Ten RCTs examining the effect of creatine supplementation compared with placebo on measures of memory in healthy individuals met the inclusion criteria for systematic review, 8 of which were included in the meta-analysis.
Overall, creatine supplementation improved measures of memory compared with placebo (standard mean difference [SMD] = 0.29, 95%CI, 0.04-0.53; I2 = 66%; P = 0.02). Subgroup analyses revealed a significant improvement in memory in older adults (66-76 years) (SMD = 0.88; 95%CI, 0.22-1.55; I2 = 83%; P = 0.009) compared with their younger counterparts (11-31 years) (SMD = 0.03; 95%CI, -0.14 to 0.20; I2 = 0%; P = 0.72). Creatine dose (≈ 2.2-20 g/d), duration of intervention (5 days to 24 weeks), sex, or geographical origin did not influence the findings.
Creatine supplementation enhanced measures of memory performance in healthy individuals, especially in older adults (66-76 years).
PROSPERO registration no. 42021281027.
从能量的角度来看，大脑的代谢需求非常高。已有充分的证据表明，肌酸在大脑生物能量学中起着关键作用。有一些证据表明，肌酸补充可以增加大脑肌酸储备，从而提高记忆力。
对随机对照试验（RCT）进行系统评价和荟萃分析，以确定肌酸补充对健康人群记忆表现的影响。
从建库至 2021 年 9 月，通过 PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane 图书馆和 Scopus 数据库检索文献。
最初确定了 23 项符合条件的 RCT。其中 10 项 RCT 研究了肌酸补充与安慰剂相比对健康个体记忆的影响，符合系统评价的纳入标准，其中 8 项被纳入荟萃分析。
总体而言，与安慰剂相比，肌酸补充改善了记忆测量值（标准均数差 [SMD] = 0.29，95%CI，0.04-0.53；I2 = 66%；P = 0.02）。亚组分析显示，与年轻对照组（11-31 岁）相比，老年组（66-76 岁）的记忆改善更为显著（SMD = 0.88；95%CI，0.22-1.55；I2 = 83%；P = 0.009）。肌酸剂量（≈2.2-20g/d）、干预持续时间（5 天至 24 周）、性别或地理位置均未影响研究结果。
肌酸补充可增强健康个体的记忆表现，尤其是在老年人（66-76 岁）中。
PROSPERO 注册号 42021281027。
