Department of Physical Education Studies, Faculty of Education, Brandon University, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada.
Centre for Aging, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
Nutrients. 2022 Feb 22;14(5):921. doi: 10.3390/nu14050921.
While the vast majority of research involving creatine supplementation has focused on skeletal muscle, there is a small body of accumulating research that has focused on creatine and the brain. Preliminary studies indicate that creatine supplementation (and guanidinoacetic acid; GAA) has the ability to increase brain creatine content in humans. Furthermore, creatine has shown some promise for attenuating symptoms of concussion, mild traumatic brain injury and depression but its effect on neurodegenerative diseases appears to be lacking. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize the current body of research pertaining to creatine supplementation on total creatine and phophorylcreatine (PCr) content, explore GAA as an alternative or adjunct to creatine supplementation on brain creatine uptake, assess the impact of creatine on cognition with a focus on sleep deprivation, discuss the effects of creatine supplementation on a variety of neurological and mental health conditions, and outline recent advances on creatine supplementation as a neuroprotective supplement following traumatic brain injury or concussion.
虽然绝大多数涉及肌酸补充的研究都集中在骨骼肌上，但也有一小部分研究集中在肌酸和大脑上。初步研究表明，肌酸补充（和胍基乙酸；GAA）有能力增加人类大脑中的肌酸含量。此外，肌酸在减轻脑震荡、轻度创伤性脑损伤和抑郁症的症状方面显示出一些希望，但它对神经退行性疾病的影响似乎缺乏。本叙述性综述的目的是总结目前关于肌酸补充对总肌酸和磷酸肌酸（PCr）含量的研究，探讨 GAA 作为肌酸补充的替代或辅助物对大脑肌酸摄取的影响，评估肌酸对认知的影响，重点关注睡眠剥夺，讨论肌酸补充对各种神经和心理健康状况的影响，并概述肌酸补充作为创伤性脑损伤或脑震荡后神经保护补充剂的最新进展。
