Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
BMC Plant Biol. 2022 Aug 20;22(1):409. doi: 10.1186/s12870-022-03763-x.
Plant-herbivorous insects are a severe danger to the world's agricultural production of various crops. Insecticides used indiscriminately resulted in habitat destruction due to their high toxicity, as well as disease resistance. In this respect, the development of a sustainable approach to supreme crop production with the least damage is a crucially prerequisite. As a result, the current study was carried out to understand the potential effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi along with Beauvaria bassiana silica nanoparticles (Si NPs) as a new approach to increase cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. Merr.) defense against an insect herbivore, Spodoptera littoralis. AM and non-AM cotton plants were infested with S. littoralis and then sprayed with a biopesticide [B. bassiana Si NPs] or a chemical insecticide (Chlorpyrifos).
The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of B. bassiana Si NPs fungal extract showed that the major constituents identified were Oleyl alcohol, trifluoroacetate, 11-Dodecen-1-AL and 13-Octadecenal, (Z)-(CAS). Besides, results revealed a highly significant decrease in growth parameters in S. littoralis infested plants, however, with AM fungal inoculation a substantial improvement in growth traits and biochemical parameters such as protein and carbohydrates contents was observed. In addition, stimulation in proline and antioxidant enzymes activity and a decrease in malondialdehyde content were observed after AM inoculation.
AM fungi mitigate the harmful effects of herbivorous insects by strengthening the cotton plant's health via enhancing both morphological and biochemical traits that can partially or completely replace the application of chemical insecticides.
植食性昆虫对世界各种作物的农业生产构成了严重威胁。由于其高毒性和抗药性，杀虫剂的滥用导致了栖息地的破坏。在这方面，开发一种对作物危害最小的可持续方法来实现最高产量是至关重要的。因此，目前的研究旨在了解丛枝菌根（AM）真菌与球孢白僵菌硅纳米颗粒（Si NPs）联合使用的潜在效果，作为一种提高棉花（Gossypium hirsutum L. Merr.）对昆虫食草动物防御能力的新方法，如 Spodoptera littoralis。AM 和非 AM 棉花植株受到 S. littoralis 的侵害，然后用生物农药[球孢白僵菌 Si NPs]或化学杀虫剂（毒死蜱）喷洒。
球孢白僵菌 Si NPs 真菌提取物的气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析表明，鉴定出的主要成分是油醇、三氟乙酸盐、11-十二烯-1-AL 和 13-十八烯醛（Z）-（CAS）。此外，结果显示，在 S. littoralis 侵害的植物中，生长参数显著下降，但在 AM 真菌接种后，生长特性和生化参数如蛋白质和碳水化合物含量得到了显著改善。此外，在 AM 接种后观察到脯氨酸和抗氧化酶活性的刺激以及丙二醛含量的降低。
AM 真菌通过增强棉花植株的形态和生化特性来增强其健康，从而减轻食草昆虫的有害影响，这些特性可以部分或完全替代化学杀虫剂的应用。
