Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Aug 5;13:965384. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.965384. eCollection 2022.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous man-made chemicals found in consumer products including fabrics, food packaging, non-stick coatings, and aqueous film-forming foams. PFAS are stable and extremely resistant to degradation, resulting in high persistence throughout the environment as well as in human blood. PFAS consist of a large family of synthetic chemicals, with over 4000 distinct varieties having been identified and around 250 currently being manufactured at globally relevant levels. Numerous epidemiological studies have linked exposure to PFAS with adverse health effects ranging from immunotoxicity, cardiometabolic disease, developmental and reproductive effects, cancer, and recently type 2 diabetes. Several studies have demonstrated associations between serum PFAS concentrations and glycemic indicators of type 2 diabetes including glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR in adolescent and adult cohorts. In addition, some studies have shown positive associations with incident type 2 diabetes and multiple PFAS. However, the link between PFAS exposure and the development of diabetes continues to be a disputed area of study, with conflicting data having been reported from various epidemiological studies. In this mini review we will summarize the current state of the literature linking PFAS to type 2 diabetes and discuss important future directions including the use of more complex mixtures-based statistical analyses.
全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是无处不在的人造化学品，存在于消费品中，包括织物、食品包装、不粘涂层和水基成膜泡沫。PFAS 很稳定，极难降解，因此在环境中和人类血液中都具有很高的持久性。PFAS 由一大类合成化学品组成，已确定超过 4000 种不同的品种，目前全球相关水平的产量约为 250 种。许多流行病学研究将接触 PFAS 与各种健康影响联系起来，包括免疫毒性、心血管代谢疾病、发育和生殖影响、癌症，以及最近的 2 型糖尿病。一些研究表明，血清 PFAS 浓度与青少年和成年人群的 2 型糖尿病血糖指标（包括葡萄糖、胰岛素和 HOMA-IR）之间存在关联。此外，一些研究表明，PFAS 与 2 型糖尿病的发生存在正相关。然而，PFAS 暴露与糖尿病发展之间的联系仍然是一个有争议的研究领域，不同的流行病学研究报告了相互矛盾的数据。在这篇迷你综述中，我们将总结将 PFAS 与 2 型糖尿病联系起来的现有文献，并讨论包括使用更复杂的基于混合物的统计分析在内的重要未来方向。
