Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima 15024, Peru.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima 15067, Peru.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 15;19(16):10036. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191610036.
We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with gaming disorder (GD) in the population of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). A systematic review was performed (PROSPERO protocol registration: CRD42021230565). We included studies that identified participants with GD and/or factors associated with this condition, reported the prevalence of GD, or contained data that assisted in its estimation, were published after 2013 (the year of inclusion of GD in the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) and were carried out in a population residing in an LAC country. Evaluation of the quality of the studies was carried out using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical appraisal checklist tool. A qualitative synthesis of the data was performed. Of the total of 1567 records identified, 25 passed the full-text review phase, and 6 met the selection criteria. These studies were published between 2018 and 2021 and had a cross-sectional design (three in Brazil, one in Ecuador, Mexico, and the other was multi-country, including a LAC country [Peru]). The prevalence of GD ranged from 1.1% to 38.2%. The three studies in Brazil had the highest figures of GD prevalence (20.4-38.2%). Four studies evaluated factors associated with GD. Characteristics regarding the game (type), pattern of use (hours played), as well as gender (higher in men), tobacco and alcohol consumption, poor interpersonal relationships, and the presence of mental disorders were found to be associated with GD in LAC. Evidence on the prevalence and factors associated with GD in LAC is limited. Studies on GD in LAC evaluate different population subgroups, describing a wide prevalence of this condition (present in up to 38 out of 100 evaluated). Characteristics such as the type and hours of use of the games, sociodemographic data, lifestyles, interpersonal relationships, and the presence of mental disorders increase the probability of presenting GD.
我们旨在确定拉丁美洲和加勒比地区（LAC）人群中游戏障碍（GD）的患病率和相关因素。进行了系统评价（PROSPERO 协议注册：CRD42021230565）。我们纳入了确定患有 GD 及/或与该疾病相关因素的参与者、报告 GD 患病率或包含有助于估计其患病率的数据、于 2013 年（GD 被纳入《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第五版的那一年）之后发表且在 LAC 国家居住的人群中开展的研究。使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所批判性评估清单工具评估研究质量。对数据进行了定性综合。在总共确定的 1567 条记录中，有 25 条通过了全文审查阶段，有 6 条符合选择标准。这些研究发表于 2018 年至 2021 年之间，采用横断面设计（其中 3 项在巴西，1 项在厄瓜多尔，1 项在墨西哥，另一项为多国研究，包括一个 LAC 国家[秘鲁]）。GD 的患病率范围为 1.1%至 38.2%。巴西的三项研究显示 GD 患病率最高（20.4%-38.2%）。四项研究评估了与 GD 相关的因素。与 GD 相关的特征包括游戏（类型）、使用模式（玩游戏的时间）以及性别（男性更高）、烟草和酒精消费、人际关系差以及精神障碍的存在。在 LAC，关于 GD 患病率和相关因素的证据有限。在 LAC 开展的 GD 研究评估了不同的人群亚组，描述了该疾病的广泛患病率（在评估的 100 人中，有 38 人存在该疾病）。游戏类型和使用时间、社会人口学数据、生活方式、人际关系以及精神障碍的存在等特征增加了出现 GD 的可能性。
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