Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA.
Nutrients. 2022 Aug 18;14(16):3404. doi: 10.3390/nu14163404.
Partial replacement of saturated fatty acids (SFA) with unsaturated fatty acids is recommended to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), including oleic acid, are associated with lower CVD risk. Measurement of flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery (FMD) is the gold standard for measuring endothelial function and predicts CVD risk. This study examined the effect of partially replacing SFA with MUFA from conventional canola oil and high-oleic acid canola oil on FMD. Participants ( = 31) with an elevated waist circumference plus ≥1 additional metabolic syndrome criterion completed FMD measures as part of the Canola Oil Multi-Centre Intervention Trial 2 (COMIT-2), a multi-center, double-blind, three-period crossover, controlled feeding randomized trial. Diet periods were 6 weeks, separated by ≥4-week washouts. Experimental diets were provided during all feeding periods. Diets only differed by the fatty acid profile of the oils: canola oil (CO; 17.5% energy from MUFA, 9.2% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), 6.6% SFA), high-oleic acid canola oil (HOCO; 19.1% MUFA, 7.0% PUFA, 6.4% SFA), and a control oil blend (CON; 11% MUFA, 10% PUFA, 12% SFA). Multilevel models were used to examine the effect of the diets on FMD. No significant between-diet differences were observed for average brachial artery diameter (CO: 6.70 ± 0.15 mm, HOCO: 6.57 ± 0.15 mm, CON: 6.73 ± 0.14 mm; = 0.72), peak brachial artery diameter (CO: 7.11 ± 0.15 mm, HOCO: 7.02 ± 0.15 mm, CON: 6.41 ± 0.48 mm; = 0.80), or FMD (CO: 6.32 ± 0.51%, HOCO: 6.96 ± 0.49%, CON: 6.41 ± 0.48%; = 0.81). Partial replacement of SFA with MUFA from CO and HOCO had no effect on FMD in participants with or at risk of metabolic syndrome.
用不饱和脂肪酸替代部分饱和脂肪酸（SFA）被推荐以降低心血管疾病（CVD）风险。单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA），包括油酸，与较低的 CVD 风险相关。肱动脉血流介导的舒张（FMD）的测量是测量内皮功能和预测 CVD 风险的金标准。本研究旨在探讨用传统菜籽油和高油酸菜籽油中的 MUFA 部分替代 SFA 对 FMD 的影响。31 名腰围升高且≥1 项其他代谢综合征标准的参与者完成了 FMD 测量，这是多中心、双盲、三周期交叉、对照喂养随机试验——菜籽油多中心干预试验 2（COMIT-2）的一部分。饮食期为 6 周，洗脱期≥4 周。在所有喂养期都提供实验饮食。饮食仅通过油的脂肪酸谱不同：菜籽油（CO；17.5%能量来自 MUFA，9.2%多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），6.6% SFA）、高油酸菜籽油（HOCO；19.1% MUFA，7.0% PUFA，6.4% SFA）和对照油混合物（CON；11% MUFA，10% PUFA，12% SFA）。多水平模型用于检验饮食对 FMD 的影响。在肱动脉直径平均值（CO：6.70 ± 0.15 mm，HOCO：6.57 ± 0.15 mm，CON：6.73 ± 0.14 mm； = 0.72）、肱动脉直径峰值（CO：7.11 ± 0.15 mm，HOCO：7.02 ± 0.15 mm，CON：6.41 ± 0.48 mm； = 0.80）或 FMD（CO：6.32 ± 0.51%，HOCO：6.96 ± 0.49%，CON：6.41 ± 0.48%； = 0.81）方面，三种饮食之间没有显著差异。用 CO 和 HOCO 中的 MUFA 部分替代 SFA 对代谢综合征患者或有代谢综合征风险的患者的 FMD 没有影响。
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