Belair Marie, Grau Alexia Laura, Chong Julie, Tian Xubin, Luo Jiaxin, Guan Xin, Pensec Flora
Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, University Brest, INRAE, F-29280 Plouzané, France.
Unité de Recherche Vigne et Oenologie Colmar-Reims, UR3991, Université de Haute Alsace, 33 Rue de Herrlisheim, F-68000 Colmar, France.
Pathogens. 2022 Aug 22;11(8):951. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11080951.
Botryosphaeriaceae are a family of fungi associated with the decay of a large number of woody plants with economic importance and causing particularly great losses in viticulture due to grapevine trunk diseases. In recent years, major advances in the knowledge of the pathogenicity factors of these pathogens have been made possible by the development of next-generation sequencing. This review highlights the knowledge gained on genes encoding small secreted proteins such as effectors, carbohydrate-associated enzymes, transporters and genes associated with secondary metabolism, their representativeness within the Botryosphaeriaceae family and their expression during grapevine infection. These pathogenicity factors are particularly expressed during host-pathogen interactions, facilitating fungal development and nutrition, wood colonization, as well as manipulating defense pathways and inducing impacts at the cellular level and phytotoxicity. This work highlights the need for further research to continue the effort to elucidate the pathogenicity mechanisms of this family of fungi infecting grapevine in order to improve the development of control methods and varietal resistance and to reduce the development and the effects of the disease on grapevine harvest quality and yield.
葡萄座腔菌科是一类真菌，与大量具有经济重要性的木本植物的腐烂有关，并且由于葡萄树干病害，给葡萄栽培造成了特别巨大的损失。近年来，下一代测序技术的发展使得在这些病原体致病因子的知识方面取得了重大进展。本综述重点介绍了在编码小分泌蛋白（如效应子、碳水化合物相关酶、转运蛋白）的基因以及与次级代谢相关的基因方面所获得的知识，它们在葡萄座腔菌科中的代表性以及在葡萄感染期间的表达情况。这些致病因子在宿主 - 病原体相互作用期间特别表达，有助于真菌的发育和营养获取、木材定殖，以及操纵防御途径并在细胞水平上引发影响和产生植物毒性。这项工作强调了进一步研究的必要性，以继续努力阐明这类感染葡萄的真菌的致病机制，从而改进控制方法的开发和品种抗性，减少该病害的发展及其对葡萄收获质量和产量的影响。
