Goyal Lokesh, Ajmera Kunal, Pandit Ramesh, Pandit Trupti
Hospital Medicine, Christus Spohn Hospital Corpus Christi - Shoreline, Corpus Christi, USA.
Hospital Medicine, Sentara Northern Virginia Medical Center, Woodbridge, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Aug 21;14(8):e28230. doi: 10.7759/cureus.28230. eCollection 2022 Aug.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recently declared the monkeypox virus a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). As the cases of the COVID-19 pandemic start to get under control, we have seen the monkeypox virus, found predominantly in Africa, spread in non-endemic countries worldwide. In the 1970s, after the smallpox virus eradication and the vaccine's discontinuation, the monkeypox virus infection started to gain attention. The first United States outbreak happened in 2003; since then, more sporadic cases of monkeypox have gained media attention. With cases spreading worldwide, without epidemiological links with outbreaks among men who have sex with men (MSM), it warrants urgent public health control measures to contain the spread of the monkeypox virus and investigate the underlying pathophysiology, including genetic modification of the virus. This review highlights the epidemiology, transmission, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, prevention, and management of the current human monkeypox virus infection.
世界卫生组织（WHO）最近宣布猴痘病毒构成“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”（PHEIC）。随着新冠疫情病例开始得到控制，我们看到主要在非洲发现的猴痘病毒在全球非流行国家传播。20世纪70年代，天花病毒被根除且疫苗停止使用后，猴痘病毒感染开始受到关注。美国首次疫情爆发于2003年；从那时起，更多散发性猴痘病例引起了媒体关注。随着病例在全球蔓延，且与男男性行为者（MSM）群体中的疫情无流行病学关联，有必要采取紧急公共卫生控制措施来遏制猴痘病毒的传播，并调查其潜在病理生理学，包括病毒的基因变异情况。本综述重点介绍了当前人类猴痘病毒感染的流行病学、传播、发病机制、临床表现、诊断、预防及管理。
