Kumar Suresh, Guruparan Dhanyashri, Karuppanan Kalimuthu, Kumar K J Senthil
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Shah Alam 40100, Malaysia.
Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
Pathogens. 2024 Dec 26;14(1):1. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14010001.
Monkeypox (mpox) is a viral infection closely related to smallpox, manifesting as a milder febrile rash in affected individuals. Over the past two decades, the incidence of mpox has surged, possibly linked to a declining immunity against the smallpox vaccine worldwide. Recent outbreaks of mpox in multiple countries have sparked concerns regarding altered transmission patterns and the potential for a global menace. In this article, we present a multidimensional review encompassing the latest scientific discoveries, illuminating the intricate structure of the human mpox virus. Key findings include advancements in understanding the virus's molecular mechanisms, which highlight its genetic adaptability and potential for zoonotic spillover. Diagnostic innovations, such as improved molecular assays, have enhanced detection accuracy, while novel therapeutic strategies, including antiviral drugs and vaccines, show promise in mitigating outbreaks. Our conclusions emphasize the importance of robust surveillance systems, vaccination programs, and rapid response strategies to curb mpox's spread. Future recommendations include strengthening global collaboration for zoonotic disease surveillance, advancing the research on host-pathogen interactions, and developing next-generation therapeutics to address this emerging public health threat effectively.
猴痘是一种与天花密切相关的病毒感染，在受感染个体中表现为症状较轻的发热性皮疹。在过去二十年中，猴痘发病率激增，这可能与全球范围内对天花疫苗的免疫力下降有关。近期多个国家爆发的猴痘疫情引发了人们对传播模式改变以及全球威胁可能性的担忧。在本文中，我们进行了多维度综述，涵盖了最新的科学发现，阐明了人类猴痘病毒的复杂结构。主要发现包括在理解病毒分子机制方面取得的进展，这些进展凸显了其基因适应性和人畜共患病溢出的可能性。诊断创新，如改进的分子检测方法，提高了检测准确性，而新型治疗策略，包括抗病毒药物和疫苗，在减轻疫情方面显示出前景。我们的结论强调了强大的监测系统、疫苗接种计划和快速反应策略对于遏制猴痘传播的重要性。未来建议包括加强人畜共患病监测的全球合作、推进宿主-病原体相互作用的研究以及开发下一代治疗方法，以有效应对这一新兴的公共卫生威胁。
