School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2022 Dec 15;628(Pt B):911-921. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.113. Epub 2022 Aug 19.
Alginate is widely used in biomedical applications due to its high biocompatibility as well as structural and mechanical similarities to human tissue. Further, simple ionic crosslinking of alginate allows for the formation of alginate beads capable of drug delivery. S-nitrosoglutathione is a water-soluble molecule that releases nitric oxide in physiological conditions, where it acts as a potent antimicrobial gas, among other functions. As macrophages and endothelial cells endogenously produce nitric oxide, incorporating nitric oxide donors into polymers and hydrogels introduces a biomimetic approach to mitigate clinical infections, including those caused by antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. The incorporation of S-nitrosoglutathione into macro-scale spherical alginate beads is reported for the first time and shows exciting potential for biomedical applications.
Herein, nitric oxide-releasing crosslinked alginate beads were fabricated and characterized for surface and cross-sectional morphology, water uptake, size distribution, and storage stability. In addition, the NO release was quantified by chemiluminescence and its biological effects against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus were investigated. The biocompatibility of the alginate beads was tested against 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells.
Overall, nitric oxide-releasing alginate beads demonstrate biologically relevant activities without eliciting a cytotoxic response, revealing their potential use as an antimicrobial material with multiple mechanisms of bacterial killing.
由于海藻酸钠具有高度的生物相容性以及与人体组织相似的结构和机械性能，因此被广泛应用于生物医学领域。此外，海藻酸钠的简单离子交联允许形成能够进行药物输送的海藻酸盐珠。S-亚硝基谷胱甘肽是一种水溶性分子，在生理条件下释放一氧化氮，作为一种有效的抗菌气体，具有多种功能。由于巨噬细胞和内皮细胞内源性地产生一氧化氮，因此将一氧化氮供体掺入聚合物和水凝胶中为减轻临床感染提供了一种仿生方法，包括对抗生素耐药微生物引起的感染。首次报道了将 S-亚硝基谷胱甘肽掺入宏观球形海藻酸钠珠中，这为生物医学应用展示了令人兴奋的潜力。
本文制备并表征了释放一氧化氮的交联海藻酸钠珠，以研究其表面和横截面形态、吸水性、粒径分布和储存稳定性。此外，通过化学发光法定量了 NO 释放，并研究了其对革兰氏阴性大肠杆菌和革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌的生物效应。还测试了海藻酸钠珠对 3T3 小鼠成纤维细胞的生物相容性。
总的来说，释放一氧化氮的海藻酸盐珠表现出具有生物学意义的活性，而没有引起细胞毒性反应，这揭示了它们作为具有多种杀菌机制的抗菌材料的潜在用途。
