Pozharskiy Alexandr, Kostyukova Valeriya, Taskuzhina Aisha, Nizamdinova Gulnaz, Kisselyova Nina, Kalendar Ruslan, Karimov Nurlybek, Gritsenko Dilyara
Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Al Farabi Kazakh National University, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Heliyon. 2022 Aug 10;8(8):e10095. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10095. eCollection 2022 Aug.
The tomato is one of the most important vegetable crops. The successful development of tomato cultures in Kazakhstan depends on the implementation of intensive agricultural methods, including breeding and selecting for new tomato varieties resistant to plant pathogens. Common tomato viruses, although not detected in our country to date, may potentially have a deleterious impact on agriculture if allowed to spread. The implementation of tomato breeding programs based on molecular markers of resistance is therefore an important preventive measure for protecting the agriculture and food safety of Kazakhstan. In the present work, we used nine molecular markers associated with resistance to three tomato viruses, i.e., tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), tomato spot wilt virus (TSWV), and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), to test the local breeding collection for the presence of genetic resistance factors. Two tomato varieties, 'Zhiraf' (Russia) and 'Sunnik' (Armenia), were revealed to possess the resistant allele marker PrRuG86-151 against ToMV; three hybrid forms had the same allele in the heterozygous state. One hybrid, based on the 'Mirsini' F1 variety from the Netherlands, had resistance to TSWV, which was confirmed by four markers: NCSw003, NCSw007, NCSw011, and NCSw012. Two cultivars, 'Nicola' and 'Malinovyi Slon' (Russia), and the local hybrid based on 'Yarkiy Rumyanets' had two to three resistant alleles of markers based on locus of resistance to TYLCV. The obtained results have demonstrated that the collection of tomato varieties involved in breeding programs in Kazakhstan lacks well-known genetic resistance factors to the considered tomato viruses. Thus, the prospective breeding programs require introduction of known resistant genetic resources to establish resistance to viruses using marker-assisted selection.
番茄是最重要的蔬菜作物之一。哈萨克斯坦番茄种植的成功发展取决于集约化农业方法的实施，包括培育和选育对植物病原体具有抗性的新番茄品种。常见的番茄病毒，尽管我国至今尚未检测到，但如果任其传播，可能会对农业产生有害影响。因此，基于抗性分子标记开展番茄育种计划是保护哈萨克斯坦农业和食品安全的一项重要预防措施。在本研究中，我们使用了与三种番茄病毒抗性相关的九个分子标记，即番茄花叶病毒（ToMV）、番茄斑萎病毒（TSWV）和番茄黄化曲叶病毒（TYLCV），来检测当地育种材料中是否存在抗基因因素。结果发现，两个番茄品种，俄罗斯的“日拉夫”和亚美尼亚的“桑尼克”，具有针对ToMV的抗性等位基因标记PrRuG86 - 151；三个杂交种在杂合状态下具有相同的等位基因。一个基于荷兰“米尔西尼”F1品种的杂交种对TSWV具有抗性，这通过四个标记得到证实：NCSw003、NCSw007、NCSw011和NCSw012。两个品种，俄罗斯的“尼古拉”和“马利诺维伊·斯隆”，以及基于“亚尔基·鲁米亚涅茨”的当地杂交种，具有两到三个基于对TYLCV抗性位点的标记抗性等位基因。所得结果表明，哈萨克斯坦参与育种计划的番茄品种收集材料缺乏针对所考虑的番茄病毒的知名抗基因因素。因此，未来的育种计划需要引入已知的抗性遗传资源，以利用标记辅助选择建立对病毒的抗性。
