Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Front Public Health. 2022 Aug 10;10:921196. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.921196. eCollection 2022.
The aim was to assess the psychosocial burden, risk-perception and attitudes regarding the coronavirus pandemic among the Austrian population after the second infection wave in Austria.
A self-designed questionnaire was available online from 17th January to 19th February 2021. Knowledge, attitudes, fears, and psychosocial burdens were collected in a comprehensive convenience sample of 3,848 adults from the Austrian general population.
67.2% reported their greatest fear was that a close relative could be infected; the fear of dying from COVID-19 oneself, however, was mentioned least frequently (15.2%). Isolation from family and friends (78%), homeschooling for parents (68.4%), and economic consequences (67.7%) were perceived as most stressful factors during the pandemic. Personal risk for COVID-19-associated (ICU) hospitalization was overestimated 3- to 97-fold depending on age group. Depending on the media mainly consumed, the sample could be divided into two subsamples whose estimates were remarkably opposite to each other, with regular public media users overestimating hospitalization risk substantially more.
The results show a high degree of psychosocial burden in the Austrian population and emphasize the need for more objective risk communication in order to counteract individually perceived risk and consequently anxiety. Altogether data call for a stronger focus and immediate action for supporting mental well-being and general health in the aftermath of the coronavirus pandemic.
评估奥地利第二次感染浪潮后，奥地利民众对冠状病毒大流行的心理社会负担、风险感知和态度。
从 2021 年 1 月 17 日至 2 月 19 日，通过自我设计的问卷，对奥地利普通人群中的 3848 名成年人进行了全面的便利样本调查。
67.2%的人表示，他们最担心的是近亲会被感染；而自己死于 COVID-19 的恐惧则很少被提及（15.2%）。与家人和朋友隔离（78%）、父母在家接受远程教育（68.4%）和经济后果（67.7%）被认为是大流行期间最具压力的因素。个人感染 COVID-19 相关（重症监护病房）住院的风险被高估了 3 至 97 倍，具体取决于年龄组。根据主要消费的媒体类型，样本可分为两个亚组，他们的估计值截然相反，经常使用公共媒体的用户对住院风险的高估幅度要大得多。
结果表明，奥地利民众的心理社会负担程度很高，强调需要进行更客观的风险沟通，以对抗个体感知的风险，从而缓解焦虑。总的来说，数据呼吁在冠状病毒大流行之后，更加关注和立即采取行动，以支持心理健康和整体健康。
