Perkins Dana, Danskin Kathleen, Rowe A Elise, Livinski Alicia A
Office of Policy and Planning, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA.
NIH Library, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Appl Biosaf. 2019 Mar 1;24(1):34-45. doi: 10.1177/1535676018778538.
Managing biological risks requires an organizational culture that holistically ensures the biosafety, biosecurity, and biocontainment of infectious disease agents and toxins, in addition to conducting science in a responsible manner, complying with relevant laws, regulations, guidelines, and policies, as well as emphasizing norms, values, and beliefs of the entire life sciences profession.
Drawing upon the Federal Experts Security Advisory Panel's (FESAP's) 2014 recommendation to "strengthen a culture that emphasizes biosafety, laboratory biosecurity, and responsible conduct in the life sciences," we undertook a comprehensive literature review of the culture of biosafety, biosecurity, and responsible conduct in the life sciences, including metrics by which to evaluate interventions at the organizational level.
We identified 4031 unique citations published from January 2001 to January 2017 by searching the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Global Health databases. In addition, a subset of 326 articles was reviewed in full.
We found that while there were discussions in the literature about specific elements of culture (management systems, leadership and/or personnel behavior, beliefs and attitudes, or principles for guiding decisions and behaviors), there was a general lack of integration of these concepts, as well as limited information about specific indicators or metrics and the effectiveness of training or similar interventions.
We concluded that life scientists seeking to foster a culture of biosafety and biosecurity should learn from the substantial literature in analogous areas such as nuclear safety and security culture, high-reliability organizations, and the responsible conduct of research, among others.
管理生物风险需要一种组织文化，这种文化要全面确保传染病病原体和毒素的生物安全、生物安保及生物遏制，此外还要以负责任的方式开展科研工作，遵守相关法律、法规、指南和政策，并强调整个生命科学行业的规范、价值观和信念。
借鉴联邦专家安全咨询小组（FESAP）2014年提出的“强化一种强调生物安全、实验室生物安保及生命科学领域负责任行为的文化”这一建议，我们对生命科学领域生物安全、生物安保及负责任行为的文化进行了全面的文献综述，包括用于评估组织层面干预措施的指标。
通过检索MEDLINE/PubMed、Scopus、科学引文索引和全球健康数据库，我们确定了2001年1月至2017年1月发表的4031条独特引文。此外，还对326篇文章的子集进行了全文审查。
我们发现，虽然文献中讨论了文化的具体要素（管理系统、领导和/或人员行为、信念和态度，或指导决策和行为的原则），但这些概念普遍缺乏整合，关于具体指标或度量标准以及培训或类似干预措施的有效性的信息也有限。
我们得出结论，寻求培育生物安全和生物安保文化的生命科学家应借鉴核安全与安保文化、高可靠性组织以及负责任的研究行为等类似领域的大量文献。
