Torres Wesley, Maillane-Vanegas Santiago, Urban Jacqueline Bexiga, Fernandes Romulo Araujo
Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Presidente Prudente 19060900, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
World J Clin Pediatr. 2022 Jul 9;11(4):375-384. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v11.i4.375.
Cardiovascular diseases have a high prevalence in adults and their development begins in the first decades of life. On the other hand, sports participation in childhood and adolescence provides benefits which can delay the onset of these diseases.
To synthesize the available literature on the impact of sports participation on cardiovascular outcomes in children and adolescents.
This systematic review was conducted on studies of children and adolescents (aged 8-18 years) who regularly practiced a sport and had reported cardiovascular outcomes (blood pressure and intima-media thickness) recorded. The Medline/PubMed, SciELO, Reference Citation Analysis (https://www.referencecitationanalysis.com/) and Bireme databases were searched.
In total, 3314 publications for blood pressure and 122 publications for intima-media thickness were identified in the databases. After exclusions ( duplicate articles, animal studies and those that did not meet the inclusion criteria), four publications for blood pressure (449 adolescents) and two publications for intima-media thickness were included (402 adolescents). For blood pressure, all publications were longitudinal in design (follow-up ranging from 12 wk to 12 mo) and involved adolescents aged from 8 years to 18 years of age. For intima-media thickness, both publications were longitudinal in design and involved adolescents aged from 11 years to 18 years of age.
Sports participation seems to promote benefits to cardiovascular structure and function in adolescents. However, studies with adolescents are scarce and further research is needed to understand this phenomenon.
心血管疾病在成年人中患病率很高，其发病始于生命的最初几十年。另一方面，儿童和青少年参与体育运动有诸多益处，可延缓这些疾病的发生。
综合现有关于儿童和青少年参与体育运动对心血管结局影响的文献。
对定期参加体育运动且报告记录了心血管结局（血压和内膜中层厚度）的8至18岁儿童和青少年的研究进行了系统评价。检索了Medline/PubMed、SciELO、参考文献引用分析（https://www.referencecitationanalysis.com/）和Bireme数据库。
在数据库中总共识别出3314篇关于血压的出版物和122篇关于内膜中层厚度的出版物。排除重复文章、动物研究以及不符合纳入标准的研究后，纳入了4篇关于血压的出版物（449名青少年）和2篇关于内膜中层厚度的出版物（402名青少年）。对于血压，所有出版物均为纵向设计（随访时间从12周至12个月），涉及8岁至18岁的青少年。对于内膜中层厚度，两篇出版物均为纵向设计，涉及11岁至18岁的青少年。
参与体育运动似乎对青少年的心血管结构和功能有益。然而，针对青少年的研究较少，需要进一步研究以了解这一现象。
