Gangneung-Wonju National University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2022 Sep 2;12(1):14957. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-19402-2.
The objective of this study was to examine the dependence of the pressure level in the wound area on the height of the syringe needle from the wound, the gauge of the needle, and the flow rate using the Bernoulli equation. This study was the control-volume analysis using the Bernoulli equation. At a given height of the syringe needle from the wound, the gauge of the syringe needle was fixed, and the pressure in the wound area, which depended on the flow rate of the irrigation solution discharged from the tip of the needle, was calculated according to the Bernoulli equation and the definition of the flow rate. At a constant flow rate of the irrigation solution, the velocity of the irrigation solution discharged through the syringe needle decreased (7.80 → 0.80) with an increase in the diameter of the needle (18G → 14G). At a constant inner diameter of the needle, the velocity of the irrigation solution increased with a reduction in the flow rate of the solution. As the velocity of the irrigation solution increased, the pressure in the wound area increased. As the height of the syringe needle from the wound area increased, the pressure in the wound area increased. In order to maintain the pressure of 8-15 psi when nurses perform syringe-based irrigation, it is necessary to set the flow rate of the cleaning solution from 3.5 cc/s to less than 4.8 cc/s for 19G. In addition, 20G maintains the flow rate of the solution at 2.6 cc/s or more and less than 3.5 cc/s, 22G maintains the flow rate of solution at 1.3 cc/s or more and less than 1.8 cc/s, and 25G maintains the flow rate of solution at 0.5 cc/s. This study provides nurses with a reference for the flow rate at which syringe-based irrigation can be performed while maintaining the appropriate pressure based on fluid dynamics, which can be used as the basis for wound nursing standards.
本研究旨在利用伯努利方程考察伤口区域压力水平与注射器针头距伤口高度、针头规格和流速的关系。本研究是基于伯努利方程的控制体积分析。在给定的注射器针头距伤口的高度下，固定注射器针头的规格，并根据伯努利方程和流速的定义，计算出取决于从针尖排出的冲洗液流量的伤口区域压力。在恒定的冲洗液流量下，随着针头直径的增大（18G→14G），通过注射器针排出的冲洗液的速度降低（7.80→0.80）。在固定的针头内径下，随着溶液流量的减少，冲洗液的流速增加。随着冲洗液流速的增加，伤口区域的压力增加。随着注射器针头距伤口高度的增加，伤口区域的压力增加。为了在护士进行基于注射器的冲洗时维持 8-15psi 的压力，对于 19G 需要将清洁溶液的流量设置为 3.5cc/s 以下。此外，20G 保持溶液流速在 2.6cc/s 或更高且小于 3.5cc/s，22G 保持溶液流速在 1.3cc/s 或更高且小于 1.8cc/s，25G 保持溶液流速在 0.5cc/s 或更高。本研究为护士提供了一个基于流体动力学在维持适当压力的情况下进行基于注射器的冲洗的流速参考，可作为伤口护理标准的基础。
