Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Adv Nutr. 2022 Dec 22;13(6):2125-2135. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmac071.
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to pool findings of cohort studies that investigated hazards of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in relation to intakes of SFAs. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases up to June 2021 to find eligible studies. Review articles or commentaries, clinical trials, cross-sectional studies, studies on gestational or type 1 diabetes patients, animal studies, articles with no access to full-texts, articles published in non-English languages, and articles with missing critical data needed for the systematic review were excluded from the meta-analysis. A random-effects model was used to combine study-specific results. Thirteen cohort studies with 361,686 participants and 11,865 T2DM events were included. Dietary total SFA intake, as well as dietary palmitic acid (PA) or stearic acid (SA) were not associated with risk of T2DM when the highest was compared with the lowest intake category (HR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.09; n = 13 for total SFAs; HR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.79, 1.15; n = 4 for PA; and HR = 1.08; 95% CI: 0.79, 1.49; n = 4 for SA). However, the risk of T2DM decreased by 11% in the highest compared with the lowest category of dietary lauric acid (HR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.97; n = 2), and by 17% in the highest compared with lowest category of dietary myristic acid (MA) (HR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.74, 0.92; n = 3). There was evidence of publication bias among studies on dietary total SFAs and T2DM. Our results indicated no significant association between dietary total SFA and risk of T2DM. However, dietary intake of MA was negatively associated with developing T2DM.
本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在汇总队列研究的结果，这些研究调查了 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）与 SFA 摄入量之间的危害。在 2021 年 6 月之前，我们在 PubMed、Scopus 和 Embase 数据库中进行了系统检索，以寻找符合条件的研究。综述文章或评论、临床试验、横断面研究、关于妊娠或 1 型糖尿病患者的研究、动物研究、无法获取全文的文章、非英文语言发表的文章以及系统评价中需要关键数据缺失的文章均被排除在荟萃分析之外。使用随机效应模型合并研究特定的结果。共有 13 项队列研究纳入了 361686 名参与者和 11865 例 T2DM 事件。当最高摄入量与最低摄入量类别进行比较时，饮食总 SFA 摄入量以及饮食棕榈酸（PA）或硬脂酸（SA）与 T2DM 风险无关（HR=0.99；95%CI：0.91，1.09；n=13 用于总 SFAs；HR=0.96；95%CI：0.79，1.15；n=4 用于 PA；HR=1.08；95%CI：0.79，1.49；n=4 用于 SA）。然而，与最低摄入量类别相比，饮食中月桂酸（HR=0.89；95%CI：0.82，0.97；n=2）和肉豆蔻酸（MA）（HR=0.83；95%CI：0.74，0.92；n=3）最高摄入量类别与 T2DM 风险降低了 11%和 17%。研究总 SFA 和 T2DM 之间存在发表偏倚的证据。我们的结果表明，饮食总 SFA 与 T2DM 风险之间没有显著关联。然而，MA 的饮食摄入量与发展 T2DM 呈负相关。
